BALVI (Balvi), city (with 1928) in Latvia, on r. Balupe, in 6 kms from zh.-d. An item. Balvi. 9,6 thousand inhabitants (1991). Alimentary and a light industry. It is known with 1224.

BALDANO Namzhil Garmaevich (1907-84), the Buryat writer, the national writer of Buryatiya (1973), the playwright, the national actor of Buryatiya (1938). Plays "Outbreak" (1932), " Two friends " (1938), "Bajangol" (1947). Has constituted the summary text of epos "Geser" (it is issued in 1959).

BALDAHIN (a nem. Baldachin), an ornate ceremonial canopy above a throne, a ceremonial bed, a church altar (originally the cloth, later stone, wooden, metal). In Russian art of building it is known from 11 century (sen, a ciborium).

BALDIN Alexander Mihajlovich (r. 1926), Russian physics, the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; academician AN the USSR with 1981). The main transactionses on nuclear physics and fundamental particles (primarily to their electromagnetic interactions) and to boosters. The lenin premium (1988), the State premium of the USSR (1973).

BALDONE (Baldone), a urban settlement in Latvia, in 33 kms from Riga. 2,3 thousand inhabitants (1991). A balneal and muddy health resort.

BALEARIC ISLANDS (Baleares), in a western part of Mediterranean m., autonomous region of Spain. Actuate islands Maljorka, Minorca, etc. The Area together with islands Pitiusskimi over 5 thousand êì2. The population of 686 thousand person (1992). An altitude up to 1445 m. The Mediterranean bushes, epines of woods. Main city and a port - the Palm - de-Maljorka (on about. Maljorka). A recreation area and tourism; climatic health resorts.

BALEVSKY the Angel (r. 1910), the Bulgarian scientist, the academician (1967), the president (1968-88), the honorary president (with 1988) Bulgarian AN, the foreign member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; foreign member AN the USSR with 1971). Transactionses on a physical metallurgy, process metallurgies, to methods of obtaining of new metal materials. Has created a casting method with back pressure. A golden medal him. Lomonosov AN the USSR (1975).

BALEJ, city (up to 1938 seconds Novotroitsky the Craft) in the Russian Federation, the Chita region, on r. Unda, in 55 kms from zh.-d. An item. The high. 23,7 thousand inhabitants (1992). Production of gold.

The DANCER (ital. ballerina, from pozdnelat. ballo - I dance), the dancer in ballet troupe. The term has appeared in 2-nd floor. 19 century.

" BALLET ON ICE " ST.-PETERSBURG, it is built in 1967. The founder and main ballet master K.F.Bojarsky (in 1967-74), K.A.Rassadin (with 1979).

The BALLET MASTER (a nem. Ballettmeister), the writer and the director of ballets, choreographic miniatures, dances.

BALETOMAN (from ballet and... man), the fan of ballet and his permanent visitor.

BALI, in induizme the lord of the underground world, tsar dajtjev. Vishnu in appearance of a dwarf has won from him the celestial and earth world.

BALIEV Nikita Fedorovich (Mkrtich Baljan) (1876-1936), the Russian theatrical figure, the actor, the producer. The active participant of "kale - yards" of the Moscow Art theatre. With 1908 director, the artistic administrator of a theatre - cabaret "Bat". With 1920 in emigration.

BALIJTSY, people in Indonesia on about. Bali and in the west about. Lombok. 3,65 million person (1992). Tongue of the Indonesian branch. Believers - induisty.

BALIKPAPAN (Balikpapan), city and a port in Indonesia, on about. Kalimantan. Ok. 300 thousand inhabitants (1989.) Center of oil fields. A woodworking.

BALINSKY Ivan Mihajlovich (1827-1902), the founder of the Petersburg school of psychiatrists, one of founders of psychiatry in Russia.

BALINO (Balino) Karlos (1848-1926), the cuban revolutionary. The participant of a war 1868-78 against spanish colonialists. Together with H.Marti has based the Cuban revolutionary consignment (1892), from H.A.Meljej - National - socialist party of Cuba (1925).

BANBU, city in China, see. Bengbu.

BANG (Bang) Hermann (1857-1912), the danish writer. Psychologic novels " Remediless generations " (1880) and "Fedra" (1883) - about domination of fate in destinies of people, " For road " (1886), "Slime" (1889) - about events of Danish war 1864.

BANGALORE (Bengaluru, Bangalur), city in JUzh. India, an administrative centre pieces. Karnataka. 2,7 million inhabitants (1991). The large centre of a machine industry; an alimentary, textile industry; handcrafts. University. Center of space probes.

BANGVEULU (Bangweulu), lake in Zambia, in verhovjah r. Luapula (system r. Congo), at the altitude 1067 m. The area from 4 thousand êì2 (in a dry season) up to 15 thousand êì2 (during summer rains). Depth up to 5 m. Coasts bogged up; thrickets of a common reed and a sedge.

BANGUI (Bangui), capital of Central African republic, a port on r. Ubangi. 452 thousand inhabitants (1988). An international airport. Textile, a food-processing industry, metal working. University. It is based in 1889 as the French military post.

BANGIEVYE, a class of red algae. Ok. 100 kinds. Everywhere in fresh waters, seas, on soil. The major representative - a porphyry.

BANG-KAUP (Bang Kaup) Villi (1869-1934), german jazykoved. Transactionses on comparative-historical grammar, leksikologii and ethymologies of Turkic tongues.

BANGKOK (Bankok, Krungtep), capital (with 1782) Thailand. 5,9 million inhabitants (1989, with suburbs). Main marine and a river harbor of country in a mouth r. Chao Phraya (freight turnover ok. 30 million t. Annually). An international airport. Risoochistitelnaja, sawing, impregnated-paper, mild, cement, oil refining, a chemical industry, a machine industry and metal working; art handcrafts. Universities. It is known from 16 century. A complex of royal palace CHakri (Mahaprasat, 18 - nach. 20 centuries); temples On (CHetupon, 19 century), Radzhabopit (it is grey. 19 century), Benchamabopit (1900), etc.

BANGPUTIS, in Baltic mythology the godhood of physical agents of water, a storm and a wind.

GANG (ital. banda), group of the armed people committing in unison criminal acts; in a broad sense - any criminal band.

GANG (Banda), interisland the pest Quiet ok., in Indonesia, between islands Serams, Southeast, Wetar, etc. 714 thousand êì2, depth up to 7440 m. the Port Ambon (on about. Ambon).

GANG, people in Central African republic (0,95 million person) and Zaire (0,6 million person, 1992). Tongue a gang. Save traditional convictions.

GANG (Banda) Hastings Kamuzu (1906-94), the president of Malawi in 1966-94 (with 1971 life); in 1963-64 prime minister of Nyasaland, in 1964-66 prime minister of Malawi. The chairman of a consignment the Congress of Malawi (with 1960).

BANDAGE (frants. bandage - a bandage), in medicine - a special belt for deduction of a forward abdominal wall and an internals in a normal position during pregnancy and after stems, at hernias of an abdominal wall, etc.

BANDAGE, in technique - a metal ring or a belt which is fitted on machine components, designs for increase of their toughness or reduction of wearing.

BANDAJ, an active volcano on about. Honshu (Japan). An altitude of 1819 m. Disastrous eruption in 1888. In structure of national park of the Bandaj-Asahi.

BANDARANAIKE Sirimavo (r. 1916), the prime minister of Republic Sri Lanka (up to 1972 Ceylon) in 1960-65 both in 1970-77 and with 1994. The chairman of the Consignment of freedom of Sri Lanka (up to 1972 Ceylon consignment of freedom). Widow S.Bandaranaike.

BANDARANAIKE Solomon (1899-1959), the prime minister of Ceylon in 1956-59, in 1951 has based the Ceylon consignment of freedom. It is killed by conspirators.

BANDAR-SERI-BEGAVAN (Bandar Seri Begawan), capital of Brunei. 21,5 thousand inhabitants (1991). A port on about. Kalimantan. An international airport. Wood-working, ship repair facilities. University.