ALGAE, group of the lowest water plants routinely keeping chlorophyll and producing organic substances during a photosynthesis. A body algae - a thallome which is not having true roots, stalks and leaves, from lobes of micron up to 60 m. Noncellular, single-celled, multicellular, colonial organisms. Reproduction asexual, vegetative and sexual. Departments (or phylums) algae: green, brown, red, yellow-green, yellow-green, diatomic, etc. Ok. 30 thousand kinds. Blue-green algae consider as blue-green algae more often and fall into drobjankam. Algae - the main producers of an organic substance in fresh water reservoirs and seas. Are part of a plankton and a benthos. Some are edible (napr., a sea staff, a porphyry), other - raw material for obtaining feed mass, an agar, a carragheen, an iodine, etc. (many of them - object of aquiculture). A number of algae test as components of the biocomplexes, spacecrafts logging in life support. Some single-celled and algae in symbiosis with mushrooms will derivate lichens.

DRAINAGE BASIN (orlik, an aquilegia), a stem of perennial grasses of a set of a crowfoot family. Ok. 100 kinds, in a moderate belt of Eurasia and America; including 27 kinds - in Vost. Siberia, Compare. Asia, on Caucasus. Some - the decorative.

CATCHMENT AREA (a drainage basin, a storage basin), terrain from which surface and underground waters flow off in a fixed water reservoir.

WATER ESCAPE (sluice-way structure), the hydrotechnical construction intended for reset of redundant (freshet) water from water reservoir, and also skips of water in a downstream pool. The water escape with the surface skip of water calls as a weir, with depth - a water outlet.

WATER-YOUNG PIGS (kapibary), a stem of rodents. Length of a body up to 1,3 m, mass up to 60 kg and more (largest of the modern rodents). 2 kinds, in central part JUzh. America, on coasts of water reservoirs and on forest bogs. Well float. Object hunts (meat).

BLESSING OF WATER, Christian church dedication service of water (in a temple, dwellings, the rivers, wells, etc.). The orthodox church distinguishes t. n. Great Blessing of water (before a holiday of Theophany, or epiphany, and in the holiday) and small Blessing of water (it is routine twice a year: per day a temple holiday and at any time domiciliary at will believers).

WEIR, barrier (threshold) through which water deluge flows over. In a hydraulic engineering the water escape with a loose flood of water through his crest calls as a weir.

WATER SUPPLY, set of measures on maintenance by water of different consumers - the populations, industrial enterprises, etc. The Complex of engineering structures and the devices executing water supply (including a drawing water from natural sources, its clearing, transportation and feed to consumers), calls as water handling or the water-pipe.

WATER OUTLET, water escape with the depth skip of the water, plump routinely by the way the tubular channel in a body of a dam. Ministers for descent of water from water reservoir, promyva ground pompes of a hydraulic project, the skip of water in a downstream pool in the operational and building seasons.

CHANNEL, water-course with motion of water on a direction of a slope in a deepening of a surface (the river, the brook, the channel).

WATER TUBE BOILER, steam boiler for which water and a steam-water mixture move on the steel pipes which are washed against outside by light-end products of combustion of fuel. Drum water tube boilers with a vertical run of pipes and straight-flow are most distributed.

WATERPROOF LAYER (water confining), the layer of water-proof rocks limiting from below or from above a water-bearing horizon.

The WATER BUDGET, ratio between arrival (a rainfall, return fluids from sewerage systems, from dewed fields, etc.) and the charge (vaporization, an irrigation, water supply, etc.) waters on any part of a surface (basins of the rivers, inland seas) for fixed time with allowance for economic activities of the person. Testifies to water availability of basin; at the negative water budget - about necessity of measures on cover of a water deficit.

WATER RESERVOIR, the artificial watertank of the considerable capacity derivated routinely in a glen by water retaining structures for regulation of its drainage and the further use in a national economy. Water reservoirs can exclude lakes which mode of levels variates artificially and adjusted by hydrotechnical constructions. The most negative consequences of building of water reservoirs: an inundation, a swamping, a underflooding of grounds, etc.

WATER EMULSION, the same, that emulsion paints.

VODSKAJA PJATINA, an administrative and territorial unit of the Novgorod ground (in the Novgorod republic and up to nach. 18 century), between the rivers Volkhov and Luga. In 16 century it was divided on Karelian and Poluzhskuju halves. In nach. 18 century has come in Petersburg lips.

VODSKY TONGUE, tongue drive, falls into the pribaltijsko-Finnish branch of Finno-Ugric tongues.

WATERS of the DRY MATTER, water of the rivers, lakes, water reservoirs, bogs, icehouses, and also underground waters (total amount ok. 35,8 million êì3). Waters of a dry matter basically fresh.

VOD (the self-title - vadjalajn), people in the Russian Federation. Number - less than hundred person (1992). Tongue vodsky. Believers - orthodox.

WATER CURTAIN mountain, a zone from water a dropping in shafts for a dust recovery on a path of motion of a dusty mine air. Forms by spray jets, fog generators, etc.