BREM (Brehm) Alfred Edmund (1829-84), the german zoologist, the educator. Supervision, borne from travelings across Africa, Europe, Zap. Siberia, etc., Life animal " (t have underlain ". 1-6, 1863-69, Russian transfer in 1911-15 and 1937-48). Due to alive descriptions of "mode of life" è "character" animal transactionses Brema (despite of an anthropomorphism inherent in him) has become for many generations the best popular guiding on zoology. The director of the Hamburg zoological garden (1863-66), the creator of the Berlin aquarium (1867).

BURDEN (Bremen), ground in Germany. 0,4 thousand êì2. The population of 684 thousand person (1992). Adm. ts. - Bremen.

BREMENER Maks Solomonovich (1926-83), the Russian writer. In the prose noted by humour and observation, reverts to problems of youthful psychology, moral conflicts of duties. Books: " the Event with Steppe " (1955), " Drive is conducted from a class " (1960), " CHur, not the game! " (1962), "Presence of mind" (1969), "volost Grenadskaja" (1978), etc.

BREMER (Bremer) Frederik (1892-1982), Belgian nejrofiziolog. Has developed and has entered in a physiological experiment a method of an isolated brain. With the help of this method probeed a role of a reticular formation in a regulation of conditions of dream and a wakefulness. Has placed, that the cerebellum participates in a regulation of a tonus of muscles.

BREMERHAVEN (Bremerhaven), city in Germany, ground Bremen. 131 thousand inhabitants (1992). A fore bay of Bremen in a mouth r. Weser, one of main passenger ports of country, fish haven (over 50 % of fishing fleet of Germany). A machine industry, including shipbuilding, fish treatment, a chemical industry. A marine arsenal.

GRAVITY PLANE (a nem. Bremsberg), a underground slope mining output for descent of a mineral with overlying on subjacent horizon of shaft.

BREMSEBRUSKY the MIR 1645, has finished successful for Sweden the datsko-Swedish war 1643-45. It preformed in Bremsebru. Sweden has received islands Gotlands and Ezel (Saaremaa), a number of danish possessions on Scandinavian p-ove (Emtland, Herjedalen and on 30 flying Halland).

BRAND (Brenda), a large medno-molybdenic deposit in Canada (prov. British Columbia). It is maintained with 1969. Ore reserves over 128 million t with content Cu of 0,14 %, Mo 0,03 %.

It FADDY Victor Frantsevich (1745-1820), the artist - decorator and the architect. By origin the Italian. In 1783-1802 worked in Russia. Participat in construction and furnish of rooms of palaces in Pavlovske and Gatchina, Mihajlovskogo the clasp in Saint Petersburg.

BRENNER (Brenner), a saddle-point in the Alpes, for border of Austria and Italy. An altitude of 1371 m. In tunnels under Brennerom - the railway and the highways bridging Innsbruck and Bolzano.

BRENSTED (Bronsted) Iohannes Nikolaus (1879-1947), danish fizikohimik. Transactionses on chemical kinetics, a catalysis and thermodynamics of solutions. Has offered (1923) proton acid-base theory. Has advanced (1929) theory of acid-base catalysis.

BRENTANO (Brentano) Klemens (1778-1842), the german writer - romantik. Lyrical verses; stories and ballads in national spirit; the collection of national fairy tales and songs " the Magic horn of the boy " (1806-08, it is issued together with L.A.Arnimom).

BRENTANO Lujo (1844-1931), the german economist, foreign corresponding member Petersburg AN (1895). Considered possible the sanction of social contraventions by reforms.

BRENTANO Frants (1838-1917), the german philosopher, the precursor of phenomenology E.Gusserlja. Has advanced the doctrine about intentsionalnosti (concreteness of consciousness) as the generic characteristic of mental phenomena.

BRENTSENS (Brencens) Edward (1885-1929), the Latvian painter, the schedule, the theatrical artist. (" In 1905 year ") and to case histories Brentsensa the drama symbolics, expressiveness of modes are inherent in patterns.

BRERA (Brera) (Pinakoteka Brera), picture passageway in Milan. It is based in 1809. West-European, including italian (Mantenja, Rafael, school Leonardo yes Vinci, lombardskie frescos), painting.

BRES (irl. Perfect), in the Celtic mythology legendary first king of Ireland after coming on its ground of nations of the goddess to Dan; about a nem the saga " Battle narrates at Magician Tuired ".

BREST (up to 1921 Brest - Litovsk, up to 1939 Brest - nad-Bugom), city in Belarus, the centre of the Brest region, on r. Muhavets, at its lockin in r. Zap. Bug. A river harbor and a railway junction. 277 thousand inhabitants (1991). A machine industry, mild, a food-processing industry. Manufacture of products of household chemical goods, a building materials, furnitures, etc. 2 high schools. 2 theatres. A museum of the defence of the Brest strength. A study of local lore museum, etc. It is known with 1090 (Berestje). Since 14 century in Lithuania and Poland, with 1795 in Russia, in 1919-39 in Poland.

BREST (Brest), city and a port in northwest of France, on p-ove Brittany. 148 thousand inhabitants (1990). A marine arsenal. A machine industry, including shipbuilding, a chemical industry.