EXTRACT, in medicine - the medicinal form; the same, that an extract.

EXTRACT, in metal working-... 1) the forge operation - increase of length of preparation by a reduction of area of its lateral section (the extract in the smooth anvil blocks calls as drive); implements on tups and presses serial compression with turning movement of preparation on 90 °.... 2) the Die-stamping operation - a convolution of sheet preparation between a punch and a template in a hollow item.... 3) the Proportionality figure, equal to attitude of lengths of preparation after and up to the operation.

OUTPUT COUNTRY, in Russian state of 11-17 centuries the right of peasants on transition from one feudal lord to other. In 11-15 centuries limited for separate grades of rural population. The litigant 1497 has placed unified time of an output country (see. JUrjev day). It is forbidden in 80th of 16 century. It is completely cancelled by the Cathedral establishment 1649.

DISMISSAL WAGES, under the Russian right a money, paid to the worker or the employee at dismissal on the fixed groundings (in connection with making redundant, a call to military service, restoration on activity of the worker or the employee, before executed this activity, etc.).

The DAYS OFF, under the Russian right days of leisure time activities, content the legislation, regulations of the internal labour order or shift schedules. Activity in the days off is supposed only from the sanction profkoma and only in the unusual cases statutory (napr., for an avoidance or liquidation of emergency). For activity in the days off other day of leisure time activities within the nearest two weeks is granted.

OUTPUT CRAMPS, set of cramps on the issuing (data about volume and circulation of the book, date of delivery in a panel and signings for printing, cramps on a format, etc.); are typed on the last page or on the back of a banner page.

NATIVES Peter Sozontovich (r. 1923), the Russian literary critic, the Doctor of Philology (1962), the professor (1968). The main orb of interests - a history of the Russian literature of 20 century, folklore. Books: "Alexander Tvardovsky" (1958), " Russian Soviet poetry and national creativity " (1963), "Paul Vasiljev" (1972), " In searches of the new word: Destinies of Russian Soviet poetry of the twentieth - thirtieth years of XX century " (1980), " the Earth and fruits: Sketches about Russian Soviet poetry 40-70-Õ " (1989).

MUSKRAT, mammalian an insectivora. Length of a body up to 22 sm, a tail up to 20 see. Meets only in a bass. Volga, Don and Ural. It is acclimatized in a bass. Ob. Conducts a semiaquatic mode of life. Fur very valuable. Number is reduced, primarily because of violation of a habitat. Production everywhere is forbidden. It is guarded in 5 reservations and ok. 40 protection regimes.

VYCHEGDA, the river in a north of the European part of the Russian Federation, dextral in-leak the Sowing. Dvina. 1130 kms, the area a bass. 121 thousand êì2. Average discharge of water 1160 m3 / with. Driveable. It is navigable up to landing stage Voldino (938 kms). On Vychegda - cities Syktyvkars, Solvychegodsk, Kotlas (in a mouth).

DEDUCTION in theory figures. The figure a calls as a deduction of figure b modulo m if the difference a-b is divided on m (a, b, m> 0 - integers). Otherwise a calls as a non-residue. Napr., figure 24 is a deduction of figure 3 (and figure 25 - a non-residue) modulo 7, t. To. 24-3=21 it is divided on 7 (and 25-3=22 it is not divided on 7). See also the Power residue.

CALCULUS MATHEMATICS, the section of mathematics including a circle of problems, manufacturing-oriented calculations and use of a computer. In more fine-bored comprehension calculus mathematics - the theory of numerical methods of the solution of standard mathematical problems.

The COMPUTER, complex or the separate device intended for mechanization and automation of process of information processing and calculations, executed according to the given algorithm. Distinguish following phylums of computers: mechanic, electrical, electronic (computers), hydraulic, air-operated, optical and combined.

COMPUTER FACILITIES... 1) set of a technical and mathematical means (computers, devices, devices, programs and so forth), used for mechanization and automation of processes of calculations and information processing. It is applied at the solution of scientific and engineering problems, the bound with great volume of calculations, in systems automatic and automated management, at the count, planning, forecasting and economic evaluation, to acceptance of scientifically reasonable solutions, data interpretation, in information retrieval systems and t. d.... 2) the Branch of technique engaging development, manufacturing and operation of computers, devices and devices.

The COMPUTER SYSTEM, interdependent equipment of computer facilities into which enters not less than 2 processors, consolidated a guidance system and having the total memory, unified software and general peripheral units.

COMPUTER CENTER (VTS), the organization intended for the tax, storage and information processing of a different kind with the help of a computer, and also development and probe of software of a computer, methods of the solution of different classes of problems, organizations of computational activities, etc. Version VTS - computing station for machining the registration, statistical, accounting information.

The COMPUTER CENTER of the Russian Academy of Science, is built in 1955 in Moscow. Development of computational methods, probes on software of a computer.

The COMPUTER CENTER of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Science, is built in 1963 in Novosibirsk. Probes on applied and calculus mathematics.

SUBTRACTION, arithmetic operation, revertive to build, i.e. presence of one of summands (difference) on the given sum of two summands (reduced) and given other summand (deducted). It is meant it is familiar - (minus).

VYCHULKOVSKY Leon (1852-1936), the Polish painter and the schedule. In realistic portraits and genre compositions ("Ploughing", 1903) used impressionisticheskuju technique of the letter; executed landscape water colours and lithographs.

VYSHGOROD, city (with 1968) on Ukraine, the Kiev region, on r. Dnepr, in 18 kms from Kiev. 21,6 thousand inhabitants (1991). The Kiev river plant, pumped storage plant. An archeologic monument of 11-12 centuries. It is known with 946.