WATER WHEEL, the elementary hydraulic motor - a sprocket bladed, spun by water deluge.

HOT-WATER HEATING, heating of rooms feed in them of heat through heating appliances (radiators, convectors, panels, etc.), heated up with hot water. Distinguish water heating systems with natural and synthetic water circulation, with a top and bottom arrangement of a cultivating line, two-funneled and single-column.

WATER, in folk beliefs a demon in a mode{an image} of the old man, dwelling{living} in whirlpools, wells and other water reservoirs, sometimes at-sea (in Russian folklore - marine tsar).

WATER SEAL, the hydraulic device handicapping back-flow of gases in pipe lines. It is applied in a sanitary engineering to an avoidance of hit of sewage gases in a room through sanitarian devices (water closets, shells), and also in the gas-welding equipment.

WATER-MARK (filigran), the plotting visible on a lumen on a paper. It is put by the platen (dandy roll) with the help of a wire figure of a water-mark. It is applied to manufacturing documents, the money, valuable papers in order to prevent fabrications. It is studied filigranografiej. In bibliology helps to date manuscripts and staropechatnye issuings.

WATER Michael Grigorjevich (1924-87), the Russian actor of an operetta, the national actor of the USSR (1976). With 1946 at the Odessa theatre of the musical comedy (in 1979-83 artistic administrator - the director). Acted in film.

WATER OPOSSUM, the same, that plavun.

WATER CHESTNUT (a water nut, a water chestnut), a stem of water annual grasses of a set rogulnikovyh. Some tens kinds{views} (sometimes integrate in 1 polymorphic kind{view}, sometimes secrete up to 200), in Eurasia and Africa; in Russia predominary in the south of the European part, in JUzh. Siberia, on the Far East. Will grow primarily in small fresh lentic and medlennotekushchih water reservoirs. Affluent starch fruits ("walnuts" with cornute projections) are edible in a wet and boiled kind{view} (on taste remind chestnuts); have also feed and medicinal value.

AQUATIC SOW-BUG, crustaceous from order ravnonogih. Length of 12-20 mm. Populates fresh water reservoirs. Sometimes meets in quantities; ministers nutrition to fishes.

WATER SPIDER, unique freshwater spider. Length samtsa 15-20 mm, samki 10-12 mm. Breaths air by means of a pair{vapour;couple} of lungs and trachea. It is eurysynusic in Europe. Builds a submerged nest which fills in with air brought on a fuzz of an abdomen.

WATER PEPPER, plant of a stem a jointweed.

WATER SCORPIONS, sets of bugs. Length of 15-50 mm. Ok. 200 kinds{views}. Are distributed widely, predominary in Austro-Columbian regions. Live in fresh lentic water reservoirs. Predators; assaulting fry of fishes, harm prudovomu to a fish farming.

VOEVODA, the commander, the governor for slavonic peoples. In Russia it is known from 10 century In the Russian state - in the chapter a shelf, order (kon. 15 - nach. 18 centuries), cities (it is grey. 16 century - 1775), provinces (1719-75).

VOEVODIN Valentine Vasiljevich (r. 1934), the Russian mathematician, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1987). Transactionses on computational methods of algebra.

VOEVODSKY Vladislav Vladislavovich (1917-67), Russian fizikohimik, academician AN the USSR (1964). Has developed a fundamentals of the theory of oxidation of hydrogen and the first quantitative theory of cracking of olefinic hydrocarbon. Probeed radical reactions by methods of radio spectroscopy. The state premium of the USSR (1968, posthumously).

VOEVODSTVO, the main{basic} administrative and territorial unit in Poland.

VOEJKOV Alexander Ivanovich (1842-1916), klimatolog and the geographer, the founder of a climatology in Russia, corresponding member Petersburg AN (1910). Transactionses " Climates of a terrestrial globe, in particular Russia " (1884). Probes of interaction of a climate with other components of a nature, has given grading the rivers on a hydrological regime.

VOEJKOV Alexander Fedorovich (1779-1839), the Russian poet, the publisher, the journalist. A satirical pamphlet " the Dwelling of lunatics " (ok. 1815), parody (in spirit of "Arzamas") " Parnassky the Address - calendar " (1818-20; both were distributed in manuscripts, at life of the writer were not published). Transfers{translations}.

VOENIZDAT, publishing house, Moscow. It is based in 1919. Military-scientific, military - technical, political-military and fiction.