VOLJUPTAS (an armour. Enjoying), in Roman mythology (in Àïóëåÿ version) daughter Psihei, olitsetvorenie pleasures.

VOLUTE (ital. voluta, characters. - a curl), architectonic motive in the form of a strombuliform curl with "eye" at the centre. A constituent part of order small caps; an architectonic component part of corbels, gantries, doors, windows.

WILL, ability to selection of activity and the internal gains necessary for its{her} implementation. The specific certificate{act}, irreducible to consciousness and activity as such. Executing acts of will, the person stands up to{counters;resists} to an authority of directly tested requirements, impulsive desires: for an act of volition typically not experience " I want ", and experience "is necessary", " I should ", realization of a valuable target signature of action. The strong-willed conduct actuates the decision marking often attending with extirpation of motives (the certificate{act} of selection), and his{its} realization.

" WILL of RUSSIA ", Russian periodicals: the weekly newspaper (1920-22), a weekly journal (1922-24), monthly political and a literary magazine (1924-32), Prague. Among editors - M.L.Slonim. Products{creations} of writers - emigrants and the Soviet writers were typed.

VOMAN (Wohmann) Gabriela (r. 1932), the german writer. In novels " Now and never " (1958), " Paulinhen was at home one " (1974), " Walk with mother " (1976), stories (the collection "Loneliness", 1982) - problems of the modern family, human mutual understanding.

VOMBATY, a set of mammals of a marsupialia. Length of a body ok. 1 m. 2-3 kinds{views}, in Australia and Tasmania. 1 kind{view} in the Red Data Book of the International union of nature protection and natural resources.

VOMPERSKY Stanislav Eduardovich (r. 1930), Russian lesoved, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1990). Probes on structure, dynamics{changes} of development and a biological effeciency of wood and paludous biogeocenoses.

VONDEL (Vondel) Jost van den (1587-1679), the Netherlands poet and the playwright. The prominent representative of a classicism. A drama "Passover" (1612), tragedies "Maria Stjuart" (1646), "Lucifer" (1654) on historical and biblical scenes. The collection " Miscellaneous verses " (1644-47) patriotic characters.

VONDZHU, city in Republic Korea. 173 thousand inhabitants (1990). A traffic centre. Mild and a food-processing industry.

VONIFATY (Bonifaty) Tarsijsky (mind{wit}. 290), the Christian martyr damaged in persecution of emperor Diokletiana, slave Aglaidy Roman. Memory{remembrance} in the Orthodox church on December, 19 (on January, 1), in Roman catholic on May, 14.

"VONKISTY", members of Liberal party in Belgium in 1787-90. The title named leader Z.F.Vonka (J. F. Vonck). Participat in Brabant revolution 1789-90.

VONNEGUT (Vonnegat) (Vonnegut) Kurt (r. 1922), the American writer. Roman " the Mechanic piano " (1952, Russian transfer{translation} - " the Utopia 14 ", 1967), " the Cradle for a grapnel " (1963), " the Abattoir number five " (1969), "Hut" (1976), " Prison ptashka " (1982), "Galapagos" (1985) dissect severe paradoxes of a scientific and technological revolution, discredit concepts of a technocracy and stsientizma which realization is involved in social cataclysm and moral degeneration. The prose combines methods of science fiction with traditions grotesque and pritchevoj literatures. The collection of an essay "Palm sunday" (1981).

VONSOVSKY Sergey Vasiljevich (r. 1910), the Russian physics - theorist, the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; academician AN the USSR with 1966), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1969). The chairman of Presidium of Ural centre of science AN the USSR (1971-86). The founder of school under the theory of magnetism. Transactionses on solid-state theory, the magnetic phenomena, the theory of metals and alloys, semiconductors, a superconductivity. The state premium of the USSR (1975, 1982).

FANCY (imagination), the mental activity consisting in building of submissions and imaginary situations, never as a whole recognizing by the person actually. Distinguish reconstructing fancy and creative fancy.

ARMED FORCES, part of structure of the state, the bound with fulfilment of his{its} external functions (national defense, etc.). One of the major elements of military organization of the state. Till 20 century. Armed forces actuated overland army and a VTR. The modern Armed forces will consist of different kinds{views} of Armed forces (a land forces, air force, a VTR, etc.), some military organizations of the state (napr., in the USA - national guards), the supreme bodies of military steering, organs of back. Kinds{views} of Armed forces are divided on service arms (a stem of forces in a VTR, an aviation category) and a special troops. Armed forces are completed on the basis of an overall conscription or on the contract basis{fundamentals}.

ARMED FORCES of the United Nations, form by the United Nations according to the Charter for maintenance or restoration of an international peace and safety within the framework of system of collective security. The Security Council can create Armed forces of the United Nations in different areas of a terrestrial globe for an avoidance of resumption of armed conflicts, assistance to restoration and conservation of the law order, recurring to normal conditions of life, and also with the purposes of unlocking and acknowledgement{confirmation} of withdrawal of troops of the conflicting parties, overseeing by a cessation of fire and truce agreements. Armed forces of the United Nations were directed to Palestine (1948), to Cyprus (1964), to Lebanon (1978), to Iraq (1991), to Yugoslavia, in a number{series} of other locales. The Nobel Prize of the world (1988).

" ARMED FORCES of the SOUTH of RUSSIA " (VSJUR), a White Guard troops during the Civil war. Are built in January 1919 by association under a command of general - lieutenant A.I.Denikina of Volunteer army and belokazachjej the Don army. In structure VSJUR entered{included} also the Krymsko-Azov volunteer army (January February 1919), Turkestani army (January 1919 - February 1920), 3-rd separate army body (March - December 1919), a troops of Boreal Caucasus (since March 1919), the Caucasian army (since May 1919), the Black Sea fleet. In kon. July 1919 VSJUR totalled over 160 thousand person. In 1919-20 have been routed; residues VSJUR have departed to Crimea where on their basis{fundamentals} by general - lieutenant P.N.Vrangelem it has been built t. n. " Russian army ".

ARMED NEUTRALITY... 1) Armed neutrality 1780-83, the union of Russia, Denmark and Sweden with the purpose of guarding{preservation} a merchant shipping of neutral{inert} countries in a course of war of the English colonys in the Sowing. To America for independence.... 2) Armed neutrality 1800, the same including Prussia, built under the initiative of Paul I after an output of Russia from 2-nd antiFrench coalition. It is directed against England. After mors of Paul I has lost force.

VOPRA, the All-Russia society (All-union association) of proletarian architects in 1929-32. Members VOPRA (K.S.Alabjan, A.V.Vlasov, A.G.Mordvinov), close on conceptually - creative installations RAPPu and Proletkultu, declared building the class proletarian architecture, invoked to maintain a new collective household activities.