BAHTARAN (Kermanshah), city in the west of Iran, adm. ts. ostana Bahtaran. 560 thousand inhabitants (1986). Petroleum refinery. The sugar, textile enterprises. A carpet weaving. University.

FLESH SIDE, bottom face of the tanned leather animal.

BAHTIARY, people in Iran (primarily on a southwest, in historical region Major Luristan, or Bahtiarija). 1 million person (1992). Are divided on groups haftleng and cheharleng. Speak on dialects of a western subgroup of the Iranian tongues. Believers - moslems - shiity.

BAKHTIN Vladimir Solomonovich (r. 1923), the Russian literary critic. The main{basic} orb of interests - folklore, the Soviet poetry, the nursery literature. Books: "Alexander Prokofjev" (1959), " From the bylina up to schitalki. Stories about folklore " (1982).

BAHURIN Ivan Mihajlovich (1880-1940), the scientist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1939). Transactionses on magnetometric prospecting and mine surveyings.

BAHUS, see. Vakh.

MELON FIELD (from the persian. To a melon field - sadik) (melon field), a field on which cultivate bahchevye crops.

BAHCHEVAJA KOROVKA, the bug of a set of ladybugs; the pest bahchevyh crops in Eurasia and Africa. ZHeltovato-red with black specks, length of 7-9 mm. Eats leaves, a film of fruits.

BAHCHEVAJA the APHID, a hexapod of a set true an aphid; the pest of a cotton, bahchevyh crops, etc. Yellow or green, length of 1,25-2,1 mm. It is distributed widely. Eats a sap.

BAHCHEVYE CROPS, group of cultivated plants of a set of a gourd family (a watermelon, a melon, some kinds{views} of a pumpkin). Alimentary, feed, oil-brearing plants, medicinal, the decorative and melliferous plants. On all continents.

BAHCHIVANDZHI Grigory Jakovlevich (1909-43), the Russian pilot - verifier, the captain, the Hero of Soviet Union (1973, posthumously). Tests of the first Soviet airplane with a liquid jet engine (ÁÈ-1, 1942), of some aero-engines in flight. Has perished in experimental flight.

BAKHCHISARAI, city in Crimea, in a valley r. CHuruksu. A depot. 26,6 thousand inhabitants (1991). The flavoring enterprises, manufacture of a building materials, etc. It is based in 16 century. Up to 1783 capital Crimean hanstva. Hansky a palace (16-18 centuries). In environs of Bakhchisarai - cave. A CHufut-faecal matter.

The BAKHCHSARAI MIR of Russia with Turkey and Crimean hanstvom. It is encased in Bakhchisarai 13.1.1681 on 20 flying. Confession of recombination with Russia Left-bank Ukraine and Kiev, Russian citizenship of Zaporozhye cossacks.

BAHSHI, national storytellers, musicians, singers, poets in Turkmenii, Uzbekistan, Kara-Kalpak (bahsy). Creators and savers of products{creations} of the national epos - dastanov. Accompany itself predominary on dutare.

BATSARA-BABANEURSKY RESERVATION, see. Ahmetsky reservation.

BATSBIJSKY TONGUE, see. Nahskie tongues.

BACILLUS (from an armour. bacillum - a bacillus), rhabdoid bacteria. In fine-bored sense of a bacillus - a stem of the Gram-positive rhabdoid bacteria which are generatrix intracellular spores. The majority of bacillus - saprophytes. Some bacillus invoke{produce} diseases animal and the person, napr. A Siberian plague, a tetanus.

BACHER (Buher) (Bucher) Uolter Herman (1888-1965), the American geologist. The writer of the pulsation hypothesis reputing alternation{sequence} a history of the Earth of the overall seasons{terms} of squeeze and a stretching.