BAILEY (Baily) Frensis (1774-1844), the English astronomer. For the first time has described (1836) occurrence of bright points on an edge of a lunar disc in the beginning and the extremity of a full phase of solar eclipse (" Bailey are legible "), originating when the sun light passes between mountains on an edge of a lunar disc.

BEJLISA BUSINESS, costs (Kiev, 1913) above Jew M.Bejlisom on false charge in ceremonial assassination of the Russian boy. It is organized by imperial government and chernosotentsami. Has called the protest of forward sociability in Russia and abroad; the jury trial has justified Bejlisa.

BEJLISS (Bayliss) William Meddok (1860-1924), the English physiologist, the member of the London royal society (1903), his president in 1913-15. Transactionses on general physiology and physiologies of digestion. In 1902 together with E.G.Starlingom has discovered a secretin (they have entered the term "hormone" into science). Activities on the physico-chemical bases of enzymosis, an adsorption. In 1906 together with A.Garden has based " Biochemical Journal ". The writer capital transactionses " the Fundamentals of general physiology " (1915, in Russian transfer - " Introduction in general physiology ", 1927).

BEJL (Bayle) Pierre (1647-1706), the French publicist and the philosopher, the early representative of Enlightenment; from items of scepticism denied a capability of the rational substantiation of religious tenets, asserted independence of moral of religion. The main product - " the Historical and critical dictionary " (t. 1-2, 1695-97) - has exerted influence development of european latitudinarianizm.

BEJLSHTEJN Feodor Fedorovich (1838-1906), ðoññèéñêèé chemists - organics, the academician Petersburg AN (1886). Transactionses on aromatic compounds. Under guiding Bejlshtejna (1881-1906) multivolume manual on organic compounds has been issued. About 1951 manual wearing name Bejlshtejna, it is emited in Germany.

BEJNEKS (Beineix) Jean - Jacque (r. 1946), the French film director. Has acquired popularity a debut pattern "Divine" (1982). Has delivered films: " moon in a gutter " (1983), " Betti Blju " (1986), "Otaku" (1994), etc.

BEIRA (Beira), city and a port in Mozambique, an administrative centre prov. Sofala. 292 thousand inhabitants (1989). An international airport. The alimentary, textile, metal-working enterprises.

BEIRUT, capital of Lebanon, port on Mediterranean m. 1,5 million inhabitants (1990, with suburbs). Mild, a food-processing industry. An international airport. Universities. Museums. It is known with 18 (or 15) century up to n. e. Under title Berit, Beruta. In the ellinistichesko-Roman season - the large trading - craft centre. In 7 century it is included in Arabian halifat. In 14-15 centuries under an authority egyptian mamljukov. In 1516-1918 in structure of Ottoman empire. In 1920-43 adm. ts. Mandated France of Lebanon, with 1943 capital of independent Lebanon. The financial centre. Residues of Phoenician, Roman and byzantian constructions, mosques: Dzhami al-Omari (13 century), "Palace" (nach. 16 century).

BEJS-BALLOT (Buys Ballot) Hristofor Henrik Diderik (1817-90), the Netherlands meteorologist, foreign corresponding member Petersburg AN (1887). One of organizers and the first director (with 1854) Meteorological institute in a Utrecht. In 1857 has empirically contacted between a wind direction and a baric gradient.

BASEBALL (English baseball), sporting ball game and the beaten, recalling laptu, on a site 175 h 125 m, in which 2 commands on 9 (North American baseball) or on 11 (the Welsh baseball) players each participate. Rhodinum of baseball - England; the modern game rules with 1845 (see also Softbol, Cricket). In International federation of baseball (IBF; 71 country (1991) is based in 1921). World championships with 1938. In the program of Olympic Games with 1992.

BEJSI (Basie) Kaunt (an ice-film. A name Bejsi William) (1904-84), the American jazz pianist. In 1930th has organized an orchestra which has massed the most sample qualities of a swing in the performance. Has created a number of original performing methods, having given a swing special dynamism and depth. Has put in pawn a fundamentals of styles of the modern jazz, afterwards developed by musicians bopa and kula. Has introduced new features to technique ansamblevogo playing music. Has created the whole direction within the framework of style a swing, the bound first of all with development of a Negro jazz.

BEJSI (Basie) Kaunt (an ice-film. A name Bejsi William) (1904-84), the American jazz pianist. In 1930th has organized an orchestra which has massed the most sample qualities of a swing in the performance. Has created a number of original performing methods, having given a swing special dynamism and depth. Has put in pawn a fundamentals of styles of the modern jazz, afterwards developed by musicians bopa and kula. Has introduced new features to technique ansamblevogo playing music. Has created the whole direction within the framework of style a swing, the bound first of all with development of a Negro jazz.

BEJSI (Basie) William (nickname Kaunt, Count) (1904-84), the American jazz pianist. The Negro. The representative of style "suing". Supervised over a jazz orchestra in Kansas City (with 1935), then in New York.

BASIC (BASIC; from initial characters of English words Beginners - for initial, All-purpose - generalpurpose, Symbolic - symbolical, Instruction - educational, Code - a code), the programming language oriented on education to the bases of programming. It is used basically at programming on the private computer.

BEJSUGSKY the FIRTH, in the west lowlands Kubano-Priazovskoj. 272 êì2. Runs r. Bejsug. It is paired to the Azov m.

BEJT (arab)., a couplet in poetry of peoples Short-range and Compare. The orient, routinely contains a finished thought. From bejtov gazelles, kasydy, mesnevi, rubai and products of other genres of classical eastern poetry are compounded. Verses can be rhymed (for phylum aa, ba, ca) and unrhymed.

BEJTEVEH (Buytewech) Willem (1591-1624), the Dutch painter and the schedule. One of creators of a genre art and a national landscape.

BEJTENZORG (Buitenzorg), the Dutch title of. Bogor in Indonesia.