BAJLJANTSZJAO (characters. - the doctrine of the White lotus), secret Buddhist sect in China; has arisen, apparently, in 12 century, existed up to nach. 19 century. Integrated primarily peasants and handicraftsmen. Repeatedly hoisted revolts (the largest in 1796-1805).

BAJMAK, city (up to 1938 settlements. Bajmak-Tanalykovo), in the Russian Federation, Bashkiria, on r. Tanalyk, in 35 kms from zh.-d. An item. Sibaj. 16,5 thousand inhabitants (1991). A machine works, a meat-packing factory, an oil - mill.

BAYONET JOINT (frants. baionnette - the spit), the initial title of the spit invented in is grey. 17 century in. Bajonna (France); represented a knif which hand lever was interposed into a trunk of the gun. In Russia called baginetom. In 1706-08 everywhere it is substituted by a spit with a tube.

The BAYONET JOINT, bystrovypolnjaemoe a part jointing at which one component part with a slot is fitted on other component part with the conforming projection and is pivoted so that the projection stopped a component part. It is applied in cutting muchines, in lenses of cameras, etc.

BAJONNSKIE CORTESES (June - July 1808), collection in. Bajonna representatives spanish znati and the maximum administration. It is called under the decree of Napoleon I. Has recognized as king of Spain of Zhozefa Bonaparte and has accepted Bajonnskuju the constitution according to which Spain was declared by the constitutional monarchy, some feudal establishments were cancelled, etc.

BAJRAM-ALI, (Bajramaly), city (with 1931) in Turkmenii, region Maryjskaja. A depot. 5,3 thousand inhabitants (1991). Hlopkoochistitelnaja, alimentary, a building materials an industry. A climatic health resort for renal ill. Bliz Bajram-Ali - ruins of ancient Merv. In 28 kms northward - gum-state mausoleum Hudaj-Nazar-ovlija (nach. 12 century). In area Bajram-Ali production of a natural gas is conducted.

SMALL FORESTS IN STEPPE RAVINES (from the turki. bajrak - a balk) (bayrak woods, gills), the deciduous forests growing on verhovjam and downslopes of beams in a steppe zone of an european part of Russia and on Ukraine. Forest forming species - an oak, an ash, a pine, an elm.

BAJREJT (Bayreuth), city in Germany, ground Bavaria. 70 thousand inhabitants (1988). A machine industry, textile, polygraphic, a flavoring industry. The musical festivals. It is known with 1194.

BAJREJTSKY THEATRE (" Wagner Theatre ", "Festshpilhauz"), the opera theatre, is open in August 1876 in Bajrejte. It is built on R.Wagner premeditation. With 1882 here are carried out Bajrejtskie festivals (Wagner operas are executed).

BAJSEITOVA Kuljash (1912-57), the Kazakh singer (a liriko-coloratura soprano), the national actress of the USSR (1936). One of founders of the Kazakh opera art. In 1934-57 at the Kazakh theatre of opera and ballet. The state premium of the USSR (1948, 1949).

BAJSUN, city (with 1975) in Uzbekistan, the Surkhan-Darya region of 17,4 thousand inhabitants (1991). A silk-weaving factory.

BAJSUNTAU, southwest spur of a mountain Gissarskogo hr. In Uzbekistan. Length ok. 150 kms. An altitude up to 4424 m.

OCTAD (English byte), the part of a machine word consisting routinely from 8 bit (binary ones) and used as a unit of quantity of the information at its storage, drive and machining on a computer. The octad ministers for submission of characters, syllables and special numerals (all occupying routinely of 8 bit) or decimal digits (on 2 digits in 1 octad).

BLACK TEA, see in an item. Tea.

BAJ-HU (the White Tiger), in the Chinese mythology spirit of the west, the sentinel of country dead.

BAJHE, the river on the orient of China; draining with rivers JUndinhe and Vejhe, will derivate r. Hajhe. 560 kms, the area of basin of 280 thousand êì2. It is navigable in the lower flow.

TANK (niderl. bak), a nose deckhouse of a vessel for protection of a upper deck against priming by a head sea, for increase of unsinkability (the closed tank), disposition of office accommodations. On a tank there are anchor and mooring devices.