BANTUSTANY, houmlendy (bantustans, homelands - national fatherland), the state educations generated{formed} by authorities of the republic of South Africa in 1960th to a breeding attribute. It was professed, that the purpose of building bantustanov - granting of independence to the black population. In total it has been derivated 10 bantustanov with different modes. 4 have been declared independent, 6 - self-managers.

BANTYSH-KAMENSKY Dmitry Nikolaevich (1788-1850), the Russian historian, arheograf. Son N.N.Bantysh-Kamenskogo. Transactionses on histories of Ukraine, " the Dictionary of memorable people of Russian ground " (t. 1-8, 1836-47).

BANTYSH-KAMENSKY Nikolay Nikolaevich (1737-1814), the Russian historian, arheograf, the chief of the Moscow archive of Board of foreign businesses. Probes and publications of documents on a history of foreign policy. The main{basic} transactionses - " the Review{View} of external relations of Russia " (t. 1-4, 1894-1902).

BANFF (Banff), national park in Canada, on eastern downslopes of Rocky mountains. It is based in 1885. The area 664076 ga. Coniferous forests. CHernohvostyj a deer, vapiti, a snow goat, a grizzly, etc.

BAN CHAO (32-102), the Chinese commander and the diplomat. Led successful wars with hunnu.

BANGU (danpigu), the Chinese small secund drum.

BANYAN, the title of several kinds{views} of trees of a stem an Indiarubber plant of a set of a mulberry family. The Indiarubber plant the Bengal (an altitude up to 30,5 ì) is most known under this title; can take the area up to 5000 m2, staging the whole grove. The top is sustained by prop air roots. Develops epifitno, but afterwards blights a tree - host. It is eurysynusic across all India where from an antiquity it is cultivated in villages for the sake of a heavy-bodied shade.

BATH - ONIONS (Banja Luka), city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 195 thousand inhabitants (1991). A machine industry, wood-working, chemical, kozhevenno-boot, a tobacco industry. Bliz Banja Luka - warm sulphurous sources. In 1969 has suffered from earthquake.

BAOBAB, tree of a set bombaksovyh, characteristic for savannahs of Africa. A trunk in a circle up to 25 m (sometimes up to 40 ì). Flying lives up to 5 thousand. Fruits are edible. From filaments of a bark produce cords and burlaps. Cultivate in tropics.

BAOBABOVYE, the same, that bombaksovye.

BAO-GUN (Lord Bao), the character of the Chinese legends, implementation of justice, the incorruptible judge. It was figured with a black face.

BAO-GIVE (r. 1913), emperor Annama in 1926-45. Has renounced a throne in 1945. In 1949-55 chief of state, built on occupied the French troops of terrain of Vietnam.

BAODING, city in China, in prov. Hebei. 483 thousand inhabitants (1991). A machine industry, textile, chemical, a food-processing industry.

BAOTOU, city in China, in independent{autonomous} area Inner Mongolia, on r. Huang He. 984 thousand inhabitants (1991). A large traffic centre. Metallurgical base of China. A machine industry; textile, etc. an industry. Production of mineral coal.

BAOTSZI, city in China, in prov. Shaanxi. 338 thousand inhabitants (1991). Textile, machine-building, impregnated-paper, a chemical industry.

BAOTSZJA, from an antiquity up to 1949 in China system of administrative - police organization of farmsteads in special units: bao (stodvorki) and tszja (up to 1000 yards).

BAPOV Ramazan Salikovich (r. 1947), the Kazakh ballet dancer, the national actor of the USSR (1979). With 1967 at Theatre of opera and ballet by him{it}. Abaja (Alma-Ata).

DOCTRINE OF THE BAPTISTS (from. grech. baptizo - I dip, I baptize water), a version protestantizma. Has arisen in nach. 17 century. The greatest figure of baptists - in the USA. In Russia the doctrine of the baptists was distributed in 60th of 19 century. Baptists have simplified cult and church organization. Not recognizing ordinance, consider baptism and partaking as the church solemnities which are not having mystical sense. Epiphany commit above adult. See also Gospel christians - baptists.

BAPTISTERY (grech. baptisterion - a font), kreshchalnja, a room for baptism in a Christian temple. In Western-European countries often a separate structure, circular or polyhedral in the plan, completed by a dome.

BAR (English bar).. 1) small restaurant or a part of restaurant where visitors maintain for the rack... 2) the Small case for wines or branch for wines in a case, a sideboard, etc.