BARCAROLE (ital. barcarola, from barca - a boat), a song of the venetian gondoliers; mild, pumping motion of a melody, lyrical character are typical. By many composers are built vocal and instrumentalje the plays realizing features of a national barcarole.

PADDLE WHEEL (niderl. barkas), 1) a self-propelled vessel of the small dimensions for transportations to a port... 2) In a VTR the rowing boat from 14-22 paddles.

BARKGAUZEN (Barkhausen) Genrih George (1881-1956), german physics and the electrical engineer. Has discovered the effect called as his name. Has constructed (1919) generator of continuous microwave oscillations.

BARKGAUZENA EFFECT, step change of a magnetization of ferromagnetic substance at continuous change of environmental conditions, napr., a magnetic field. It is stipulated by a domain structure. G.Barkgauzenom (1919) is open.

BARKENTINE (English barkentine) (schooner - bark), a marine sailing vessel (3-5 spar trees) with goosewings on a forward spar tree (foremast) and skew on remaining.

BARKER (Barker) George (r. 1913), the English poet, the prose writer and the playwright. Collections of verses " News from all light " (1950), " Dreams in summer night " (1966), " Anno Domini " (1983).

BARQUISIMETO (Barquisimeto), city in northwest of Venezuela, an administrative centre pieces. Lara. 724 thousand inhabitants (1990). Alimentary, textile, cement, a leather and foot-wear industry. University. It is based in 1552.

BARKLA (Barkla) CHarlz (1877-1944), English physics. Has executed (1904) polarization of X-rays. Has discovered (1906) characteristic X-radiation. The Nobel Prize (1917).

BARCLAY - DE-TOLLI Mihail Bogdanovich (1761-1818), prince (1815), the Russian general - field marshal (1814). The division commander and bodies in wars with France and Sweden. In 1810-12 military minister. In Domestic war 1812 commander-in-chief 1-st army, and in July - August actually all reacting Russian armies. In 1813-14 commander-in-chief russko-Prussian army, with 1815 - 1-st army.

" BARKLEJS BANK " (Barklays Bank), the largest business bank of the Great Britain. It is based in 1694. Enters into " the Major four " English banks. 2900 branches and agencies in country, more than 2000 branches and affiliated companies in 80 foreign states (kon. 1980th). Total assets 104,7 billion pounds sterling (189,4 billion dol. The USA), an ownership capital (billion dol. The USA) 10,6, profit 2,5 (kon. 1980th).

BARKS Lion Mitrofanovich (r. 1928), Russian physics, the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; academician AN the USSR with 1984). The main transactionses on a nuclear physics and an elementary particle physics. The state premium of the USSR (1989).

BARKOVA Anna Aleksandrovna (1901-76), the Russian poetess. The first collection "Woman" (1922) was recognized contemporaries. It has been repressed; a considerable proportion of life has conducted in the conclusion (1934-39; 1947-56; 1957-65). In serotinal poetry (cáîðíèê "Recurring", 1990) reverts to travails and degradings of women in the Soviet camps.

BAR - KOHBA, the leader of antiRoman revolt 132-135 in Judea.

BARKROFT (Barcroft) Joseph (1872-1947), the English physiologist. Basic researches of respiratory function of blood. Transactionses on theoretical physiology.

BARKULABOVSKAJA the ANNALS, western - Russian, about events 1563-1608. It is constituted in nach. 17 century the priest of seconds Barkulabovo F. Filippovichem. Cramps: aboriginal, about the Lithuanian and Polish policy, Lzhedmitrii II, etc.

BARLAH (Barlach) Ernest (1870-1938), the german sculptor, the schedule and the writer. Humanistic, antimilitarist, full emotional pressure of product Barlaha (the monument gorged in a cathedral in Gjustrove, 1927, it is deleted by fascists) under the art solution are close ekspressionizmu.

BARMA, the Russian architect of 16 century, has created a temple together with Postnikom Vasily Blazhennogo.

The BARMAN (Barmen), see in an item. Vuppertal.

BARMIN Vladimir Pavlovich (1909-93), the Russian scientist, the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; academician AN the USSR with 1966), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1956). Transactionses on launch systems of many missiles. The lenin premium (1957), the State premium of the USSR (1943, 1967, 1977).