BATYR SRYM (Srym Datov) (?-1802), the chief of revolt of peasants and parts patriarchal - generic znati in Kazakhstan against a press of tsarism, khan and anthuruses Junior zhuza (1783-97). Revolt has sufferred a defeat because of split among rising.

BATYRAJ (1831-1910), darginsky the poet. One of initiators realistic darginskoj literatures. Cycles of songs " About life ", " About the hero ", " About love " (gathered and published in 1928).

BATYRMURZAEV Zejnalabidin Nuhaevich (1897-1919), kumyksky the writer. Son N.Batyrmurzaeva. One of organizers of guerilla motion within the Civil war in Dagestan. Plays "Danijalbek", " Counter to mulls " (1916-17) have put in pawn a fundamentals kumykskoj dramatic art. Together with the father rasstreljan White Guards.

BATYRMURZAEV Nuhaj (1869-1919), kumyksky the writer - educator. Stories " Unfortunate Habibat " (1910), " Garun and Zubajda, or Unfortunate ZHanbike " (1910), " Davud and Lajla " (1912) have put in pawn a fundamentals of realistic prose in kumykskoj to the literature. Together with the son rasstreljan White Guards.

BATYRSHA Aliev (Abdulla Aleev) (ok. 1710-62), a mull. The participant of the Bashkir revolt 1755. With 1756 in SHlisselburgskoj strengths where has died.

BATYJA IRRUPTION, aggressive marchings the mongolo-tartar in Vost. And Center. Europe under leadership of khan Batyja. In 1236-41 seizure of the Volga Bulgaria, in the winter 1237-1238 marching in Sev.-Vost. Russia, in 1238-40 lingering war with half-sheeps, lactamic acids, Circassians. In the autumn - in the winter 1240 seizure JUzh. Russia. In 1241-42 marching through Poland, Hungary, etc. to Adriatic sea. Mongolo-tartars, loosened heroic resistance Russian and other peoples Vost. Europe, could not be consolidated in Central Europe and have receded. Earth Vost. Europe have been destroyed, in Russia the mongolo-tatar yoke was placed{installed}.

BATYUSHKOV Konstantin Nikolaevich (1787-1855), the Russian poet. The chapter anakreonticheskogo directions in Russian lyrics (" Cheerful hour ", " my penates ", "Vakhanka"). Has gone through spiritual crisis ("Hope", " To the friend ") later; in a genre elegii - motives of one-way love ("Separation", " Wash the genius "), high tragic element (" Dying TASS ", " Saying Melhisedeka ").

BAUGINY (Boen) (Bauhin), the Swiss biologists, brothers: 1) Iogann (1541-1613), in " the New generalpurpose history of plants " (t. 1-3, 1650-61) has described 5000 kinds{views} of plants... 2) Kaspar (1560-1624), for the first time has applied a binominal nomenclature in a taxonomist of plants (1620). Has described t. n. bauginievu a shutter in an intestines animal.

BAUMAN Vladimir Ivanovich (1867-1923), the Russian scientist. The writer of basic transactionses on mine surveying.

BAUMAN Nikolay Ernestovich (psevd. A rook) (1873-1905), the figure of the Russian revolutionary movement since 90th. A veterinarian. In 1904 chief of the Moscow committee and Boreal office of a Central Committee of a consignment. It is killed on October, 18 1905 chernosotentsem. Bauman funeral on October, 20 in Moscow were poured out in mass political demonstrating.

BAUMANABAD, the title of. Pjandzh in Tadjikistan in 1931-36.

BAUMANIS (Baumanis) JAnis Fridrih (1834-91), the Latvian architect. In a decora of constructions used forms of different architectonic styles (the Dwelling lifljandskogo nobility, nowadays the building of parliament of Latvia in Riga, 1863-67).

BAUMGARTEN (Baumgarten) Alexander Gotlib (1714-62), the german philosopher of school of H.Volf, an ancestor of an aesthetics (has entered the term) as special philosophical discipline - " sciences about sensual knowledge ".

BAUR (Baur) Ferdinand Christian (1792-1860), the german Protestant theologian, the hegelian, the founder and the chapter tjubingenskoj schools; the professor of university in Tjubingene (with 1826).

BAURU (Bauru), city in a southeast of Brazil. 221 thousand inhabitants (1985). Alimentary, textile, a chemical industry.

BAUSKA (Bauska), city (with 1609) in Latvia, for interflow rr. Musa and Memele, in 26 kms from zh.-d. An item. Ietsava. 11,9 thousand inhabitants (1991). An alimentary and textile industry. Study of local lore and art museums. It is known with 1443.

BAUTS (Bouts) (Bouts) Dirk (ok. 1415-75), the Netherlands painter. Kept traditions Rogira van der Vejdena. Combined conditionality of Gothic art with a vitality of component parts, survey accuracy (an altar " Ordinance of a sacrament ", 1464-67).

"BAUHAUZ" (Bauhaus), the higher school of construction and art designing, is based in 1919 in Weimar (Germany), in 1925 is transferbed{translated} in Dessau, in 1933 is abolished by fascists. Chiefs (V.Gropius, H.Mejer, L.Mis van der the Roe) developed an aesthetics funktsionalizma, principles of the modern morphogenesis in the architecture and design, formations of financially - household medium by a means of plastic arts.

BAUTSEN (Bautzen) (Bautzen; luzhitskoe - Budishin), city in a southeast of Germany, ground Saxony, on r. SHpre. 52 thousand inhabitants (1988). A machine industry. Center of national crop luzhichan (sorbov). Institute sorbistiki. Clasp Ortenburg (15 century).