BENIN-CITY (Benin City), city in Nigeria, an administrative centre pieces. Bendel. 203 thousand inhabitants (1991). The wood-working and chemical enterprises. Art handcrafts (a wood carving, an ivory). University. Bliz Benin City - a crude production. A unique collection of a bronze sculpture of 15-17 centuries.

BENI - SUEJF, city and port in Egypt, on r. Nile, an administrative centre muhafazy Beni Suef. 174 thousand inhabitants (1991). Textile, a flavoring industry.

BENI - HASAN, settlement in Compare. Egypt, bliz which ok. 30 rocky tombs of aboriginal governors (21-20 centuries up to n. e.) with porticoes; inside - paintings and reliefs.

BENKA (Benka) Martin (1888-1971), the Slovak painter. One of ancestors of Slovak art of 20 century. The monumental poetic scenes of country life plump in loose postimpressionisticheskoj to a manner.

BENKENDORF Alexander Hristoforovich (1781 or 1783-1844), columns (1832), the Russian statesman, the general from a cavalry (1832). The participant of depressing of revolt of decembrists. With 1826 chief of gendarmes and the main chief of the Third branch.

BENN (Benn) Gottfried (1886-1956), the german writer. Edged under the form ekspressionisticheskaja (the collection "Morgue", 1912), later the extremely nigilistic (the collection of "Distilling", 1953) lyrics; story "Ptolomeets" (1949).

BEN - NEVIS (Ben Nevis), the highest top of the Great Britain (1343 ì) in Grampians.

BENNETITOVYE, the order (or a class) extinct treelike gymnosperms. Meet in adjournments of the upper Carbon - the upper chalk, are especially numerous in triase, jure and lower to a chalk. Managing minerals.

BENNETT (Bennett) Arnold (1867-1931), the English writer. Bytopisatelskie novels from life of the English province " Anna from five cities " (1902), " the Story about aged women " (1908). The satirical novel "Lord Rejngo" (1926); short stories.

BENNY Arthur Ivanovich (1839-67), the Russian revolutionary, the journalist, the British citizen. With 1861 in Russia distributed issuings of the Free Russian seal. On " to process 32 " it is deported abroad. In Garibaldi order under Mentonoj it is lethally wounded.

BENNIGSEN Leonty Leontjevich (1745-1826), columns (1814), the Russian commander, the general from a cavalry (1802). The participant of assassination of emperor of Paul I. In 1807 commanding by army in war with France, has been battered under Fridlandom. In Domestic war in August - November of 1812 acting chiefs of a general staff of army, it is dismissed for intrigues against M.I.Kutuzov.

BENONI (Benoni), city in the republic of South Africa, suburb of Johannesburg. 95 thousand inhabitants (1985.) Center of production of gold. Iron and steel industry. The machine-building, metal-working enterprises.

BENT (Bent), group of the Netherlands and Flemish artists working in Rome in 17 century (also SHildersbent, Bentvegels - migrants). It is based in 1623 Babjurenom, Bohr, van Larom, etc. Entered in Bent received a characteristic nickname. Almost all team members represented bambochchatu.

BENTAL, the range of water reservoirs colonized with ground organisms, dwelling on a ground or in his strata (benthos).

BENTAM (Bentham) George (1800-84), English botanik, foreign corresponding member Petersburg AN (1872). The writer (together with Dzh. Gukerom) the review of all stems of seed plants.

BENTAM Jeremiah (1748-1832), the English philosopher, the sociologist, the lawyer. An ancestor of philosophy of a utilitarianism.

BENTON (Benton) Thomas Heart (1889-1975), the American painter. The representative regionalizma. Bridging symbolics and naturalism of the scene from life of " the mean West " (" July midday ", 1943).

BENTONITES, colloidal the clay, consisting basically from minerals of group montmorillonita. Will be derivated at change of volcanic tuffs and ashes in conditions of a seabed. Use for preparation of drilling fluid, as smectites, etc.

BENTHOS (from grech. benthos - depth), set of the organisms dwelling on a ground and in a ground of a bottom of water reservoirs. The marine benthos ministers nutrition to many fishes and other water animal, and also is used by the person (napr., algae, oysters, crabs, some fishes).