BERNSTEIN Sergey Natanovich (1880-1968), mathematician, academician AN the USSR (1929) and AN Ukraine (1925). The main transactionses under the theory of differential equations (conditions of analyticity of solutions), function theories (an approaching of functions by polynomials), theories of probabilities (an axiomatics, limiting theorems). The state premium of the USSR (1942).

BERNSTEIN (Bernstein) Feliks (1878-1956), german mathematician. The founder and in 1921-34 director of Institute of mathematical statistics of the Goettingen university. In 1934-48 worked in the USA, then has returned to Germany. Transactionses on a number theory, flocks, trigonometric numbers, integral equations. First has proved in 1897 equivalence theorems of a set theory. One of first has placed applied value of a set theory, was engaged in application of mathematical methods to problems of different ranges of knowledge.

BERNSTEIN (Bernstein) Edward (1850-1932), one of leaders of the German social democracy and 2-nd Internatsionala, the ideologist of reformism. Participat in development of the Gothic program. In 2-nd floor. 90th, referring to natural probe of tendencies of social development, has acted with criticism of fundamental theory of marxism as obsolete. Bernstein denied the scientific substantiation of socialism, including his ethical ideal, the doctrine about inevitability of crash of a capitalism, about revolution and dictatorship of proletariat, has put forward the program of reforms of a capitalism (" the Ultimate goal - anything, motion - all ").

BEROS (grech.; vavilon. Belrushu) (ok. 350-280 up to n. e.), the babylonian historian, the sacrificer of a temple of god Marduka. The writer of a history of Babylonia (in the Grecian tongue), fractional information from which have reached in compositions of antique and byzantian historians.

BERRY (Berry), historical range in central France, in a bass. r. SHer (a bass. Loire). In terrain Berry - departments Sher, Endr, in part Alje. 14,3 thousand êì2. 550 thousand inhabitants. Main city - Burzh.

BERRY, oil deposit in Saudi Arabia (Persian gulf oil-and-gas-bearing basin). It is open in 1964. Deposits on depth of 2,2-2,3 kms. Beginning inventories 1055 million t. Firmness of petroleum of 0,876 g / sm3.

BURROWS (Burroughs) William (r. 1914), the American prose writer. One of leaders of motion bitnikov (see " Battered generation "), the writer of novels " Naked lunch " (1959), " the Machine of a ramollissement " (1961), " Cities of red nights " (1981), etc.

BERRUGETE (Berruguete), spanish artists: 1) Pedro (ok. 1450-1504), the painter. Combined medieval archaisms with knowledge of a perspective (cycles of patterns from life over. Thomas)... 2) Alonso (ok. 1486-1561), the sculptor, the architect, the painter, son Pedro. The representative of the spanish Renaissance. Ekspressivnye, increased - emotional sculptures ("Transfiguration", 1543-48).

BERSALERY (ital. bersagliere, from bersaglio - the target), scapes of an italian infantry (with 1836), specially trained in neat shooting and augmented flights; in 20 century become the basis of formation samokatnyh and motorcycle parts.

BERSENEV Ivan Arhipovich (1762-89), the Russian graver, the thin master of a reproductive gravure a cutter.

BERSEN-BEKLEMISHEV Ivan Nikitich (?-1525), the son seignioral, the diplomat, the member of a grand-ducal duma at Ivan III and Vasily III. The chapter of opposition at a yard, opposed strengthening of autocracy. It is executed.

BERTALANFI (Bertalanffy) Ludwig a background (1901-72), the Austrian biologist - theorist. With 1949 in the USA and Canada. Has put forward first in the modern science the generalized systemic concept (" a general theory of systems "), which problems - development of the mathematical apparatus of the description of miscellaneous phylums of systems, establishment of an isomorphism of laws in different ranges of knowledge (" the General theory of systems ", 1968).

BERTELS Eugeny Eduardovich (1890-1957), the orientalist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1939). Transactionses on a history persian, Tadjik and of some Turkic literatures, probe sufizma and sufijskoj literatures, creativity Firdousi, Dzhami, Navoi, Bottoms. The state premium of the USSR (1948).

"BERTELSMAN", izdatelsko-polygraphic concern. Center in Gjuterslo (Germany). K.Bertelsmanom in 1824, publishing house with 1835 is based. In 1950-80 has aggregated over 100 polygraphic and other firms of country and foreign. Issues art, scientific, encyclopaedic (including "Leksikoteka" in 26 vol., with 1972), reference, educational and other literature, casettes and video discs. Distributes production primarily through a network of book and musical clubs.

BERTEN (Bertin) the Rose - tree (an ice-film. A name of Goosefoot ZHanna) (1744-1813), the court dressmaker of the French queen of the Mary - Antuanetty, received a nickname " minister for a mode ".

BERTILON (Bertijon) (Bertillon) the Gigolo (1853-1914), the French lawyer, the writer of system of methods of judicial identification (earlier sometimes called "bertiljonazh").

BERTINOV Albert Iosifovich (1906-87), the Russian scientist in range of electric machine industry, the honored worker of science and technique of RSFSR (1965), the founder of scientific school. In 1938 under his guiding the first turboalternator in Europe with a hydrogen cooling is built. In 1945-47 headed activities on designing the first all-Union unified series of asynchronous motors by power up to 100 kw.

BERTLO (Bertelo) (Berthelot) Pierre Ezhen Marselen (1827-1907), the French chemist and the statesman, foreign corresponding member Petersburg AN (1876). Transactionses on an organic chemistry, chemical kinetics, termo-and an agrochemistry, blasting explosives, a history of chemistry. Synthesized organic compounds of different classes, than has plotted a final defeat to submissions about "vital force". Has invented (1881) bomb calorimeter. Has entered concepts about ekzo-and heat-absorbing reactions. Minister for enlightenment (1886-87), Minister for Foreign Affairs (1895-96).

BERTHOLLET SALT, the same, that a potassium a chlorate.