BOTULISM (from an armour. botulus - sausage), an alimentary toxicoinfection as a result of a poisoning with products, contaminated bacilluses of a botulism and their toxins. The causal organism - a stringent anaerobe; the toxin in such products, as canned food, a saltfish, sausage, a ham, the mushrooms prepared with violation of technology (especially in domestic conditions) is routinely multiplied and secretes. At a botulism the nervous system (violations of sight, a voice, a swallowing) is struck. Treatment of the person: urgent introduction protivobotulinicheskih wheys. Of a botulism domestic animals are sick also.

JACK BOOTS (frants. bottes fortes), high boots with a broad funnel-shaped opening.

BOWIE (Bowie) David (an ice-film. A name Johnes David Robert, Johnes David Robert) (r. 1947), the English singer, the musician, a film actor. On the scene from the extremity of 1960th. Has organized a rhythm - end-bljuzovuju group " The King Bees " (1964). Albums " Alladin Sane ", "Pin-Ups", " Diamond Dogs " and " David Live " took the highest places in charts. Acted in film (" the Person who has falled on the Earth ", 1975, and dr). Worked in style soul, then has addressed to european music. Has rendered the considerable influence on development of rock music.

BOWLING (English bowling), in the USA, the Great Britain and a number of other countries the title of sporting points.

BOUMENOVA the CAPSULE (named the English doctor of 19 century. U.Boumena, W. Bowman), a cupulate blind end urinary kanaltsa kidneys. In cavity Boumenovoj of a capsule primary urine will be derivated.

BOUTS (Bouts) Ä., see D.

BOUEN (Bowen) Norman Levi (1887-1956), the American petrographer. Experimentally probeed silicate physico-chemical systems. Has placed sequence of crystallization of minerals from a magma by the way two t. n. Reactivity numbers.

BOFILL (Bofill) Rikardo (r .1939), the spanish architect. In 1960th develops t. n. Style Barselonskoj of school - synthesis of neo-realism and brutalizma. In kon. 1970 - nach. 1980th - designs of complexes krupnoblochnyh residential units of type a viaduct (Climbed Arcades de the Hatch in suburb of Paris, 1974-81).

The BEAUFORT (Beaufort) Frensis (1774-1857), the English military hydrograph and a cartographer, rear admiral. In 1829-55 supervised over a hydrographic service of the Great Britain.

The BEAUFORT the HOLLOW, see. A canadian hollow.

The BEAUFORT the PEST (Beaufort Sea), marginal sea Arctic ok., for coasts the Sowing. America. 481 thousand êì2. Depth up to 3749 m. All year it is coated with ice. Runs r. Mackenzie. It is called named F.Boforta.

The BEAUFORT a SCALE offered F.Bofortom in 1806 conditional 12-mark scale for an assessment of wind force on his action on terraneous subjects and on a sea motions: 0 - a calm sea (calm air), 4 - a moderate breeze, 6 - a strong wind, 10 - a storm (strong gale), 12 balls - hurricane.

BOHAI, the state in Severo-Vost. Asia. Has arisen in nach. 8 century. The main population - Tungus nations mohe, and also kogurestsy (see. Kogure), etc. In 926 it is conquered kidanjami.

BOHAI, bay in northwest of Yellow m., for coasts of China. Length ok. 280 kms, depth up to 40 m. It is unbound from the high sea p-ovom Shandong. Run rr. Huang He and Hajhe. A port Tanga - a fore bay Tianjin. Fishery. Oil fields on a shelf.

BOHAJHAJSJA, a channel in Yellow m., between p-ovami Ljaodunsky and Shandong. Bridges bays Ljaodunsky and Bohai to the open part starving. Minimum width of 105 kms. Depth up to 36 m. Ports: Dalian (Long-distance), Liushung (Port Arthur), JAn thaw.

BOCHUM (Bochum), city in Germany, ground the Sowing. Rhine - Vestfalija. 399 thousand inhabitants (1992). An autostructure; a chemical industry, iron and steel industry. University.

BOHUSLENSKIE ROCK DRAWINGS (district Bohuslen, Bohuslan, southwest Sweden), bronze and iron centuries: boats with grebtsami, chariots, trees, animal, soljarnye marks, ceremonial processions and battles.

BOTSARIS Markos (1790-1823), the hero Grecian national-liberation revolution 1821-29. Has perished in fight with a turkish troops.

The BOATSWAIN (niderl. bootsman), the position of junior officers of arms of crew of a vessel, the immediate superior of a deck crew. On large ship of wars there can be some boatswains, one of them - main.