BROWN (Brown) Gerbert (r. 1912), the American chemist. The main transactionses on chemistry of a milletgrass. Has discovered reaction of hydroborating (1959), has developed the quantitative methods of study of steric pressure of molecules. The Nobel Prize (1979, together with G.Vittigom).

BROWN (Brown) John (1800-59), the fighter for discharging of Negros - slaves in the USA. In 1855-56 has headed antislaveholding revolt in Kansas. Participat in activity of " the Underground railway ". In 1859 Brown in the chapter of small order has trapped a governmental arsenal in. Harpers-Ferri (Virginia). The order has been quenched by a troops and almost is completely exterminated, Brown is hung up.

BROWN (Braun) Charles Ferdinand (1850-1918), german physics. Transactionses on radio engineering. Has offered t. n. Brown tube for probe of electrical oscillations. Has created a crystal and some phylums of antennas. The Nobel Prize (1909, together with G.Markoni).

BROWN (Brown) Michael Stjuart (r. 1941), American genetics. Activities on the mechanism of the transport of lipids and regulations of a cholesteric exchange in an organism animal and the person. The Nobel Prize (1985; together with Dzh. L.Goldstajnom).

BROWN Nikolay Leopoldovich (1902-75), the Russian poet. In the poetry noted by search of a new means of expressiveness, reverts to a theme of a nature, destinies of writers and poets, personal memories. Collections of verses: " the World and the master " (1924), " the Sortie in the future " (1931), "Accuracy" (1936), " Marine glory " (1945), " the Earth in clear " (1955), "Painting" (1963), " Only about life " (1972), etc.

BROWN (Brown) Norman (r. 1913), the American philosopher and the publicist. One of ideological inspirers of a counterculture and " sexual revolution " 1960th. The writer esseisticheskih books " Life against mors " (1959), " the Body of love " (1966), " the Apocalypse and-or transfiguration " (1991).

BROWN (Brown) Robert Henberi (r .1916), the English and australian astronomer. For the first time has found (1950) radio emission of a normal galaxy - Nebulosity of the Andromeda. One of inventors of the radio interferometer (1952) and an optical interferometer of intensities (1956) for measurement of the angular dimension of asters.

BROWN (Brown) Thomas (1605-81), the English writer - erudite. The writer of books of a baroque essayistics " Religio medici " (1643), " the Funeral litter bin " (1658, fragments are transferbed by H.L.Borches and A.Bjoem Kasaresom to spanish tongue), etc. the products which have involved attention of writers of an advance-guard of 20 century (V.Vulf).

BROWN (Braun) Folker (r. 1939), the german writer. Poetic collections. Problems of formation of the personality - in a cycle of stories " Carefree life the Caste " (1972-79); social - philosophical " Roman about Hintse and Kuntse " (1985). Plays "Tinka" (1975), " the Major world " (1979), " Zigfrid Talk of women German fury " (1987).

BROWN Charlz Brokden (1771-1810), the American writer. Predromantik; Gothic novels: "Viland" (1798), "Ormond" (1799); in the novel " Edgar Hantli " (1799) for the first time in the literature the USA has figured life of Indians.

BROWNING (Browning) John (1855-1926), the American designer and the industrialist. Has created a series of automatic guns, manual, heavy and large-calibre machine guns.

BROWNING Robert (1812-89), the English poet. Has entered into the English poetry a genre of a monologue - confession; deepened psychologism, an ethical problematics in the collection "Characters" (1864), etc., novels in verses (including " the Ring and the book ", t. 1-4, (1868-69), dramas.

BROWNING (nee Moulton, Moulton) Elizabeth Barrett (1806-61), the English poetess. Wi R.Brauninga. The social poetry gravitates to sentimental - philanthropic treatment of public problems (a poem " the Bleeding of children ", 1844, N.A.Nekrasov like free machining, 1861). Love lyrics. The poetic novel " the Aurora of Lie " (1857) about women emancipation.

BRAUNITE, mineral of a class of oxides, approximate formula Mn2+Mn63 + SiO12. routinely black - brown or grey acinose units. Hardness 6-6,5; firmness of 4,7-4,9 g / sm3. Ore of manganese.

BRAUNSCHWEIG (Braunschweig), city in Germany, ground Is new. Saxony. 259 thousand inhabitants (1992). A port on r. Oker and Srednegermanskom the channel. A machine industry, textile, alimentary, etc. an industry. University. It is based in 11 century. A cathedral (12 century).

BRAUNSHTEJN Alexander Evseevich (1902-86), the Russian biochemist, academician AN the USSR (1964) and AMN (1945), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1972). The main transactionses on an exchange of amino asids and chemistry of ferments. Has discovered reactions of transamination and has justified their role in a nitrogen metabolism. Has developed (together with M.M.Shemjakinym) a general theory of the enzymosis, keeping rat anti-acrodynia factor. The lenin premium (1980), the State premium of the USSR (1941).

BRAUHICH (Brauchitsch) Walter a background (1881-1948), german general - field marshal (1940). In 1938-41 commander-in-chief a land forces. It is retired for a fall of lightning war against the USSR and dissents with Gitlerom.

BROUWER (Brouver) (Brouwer) Adrian (1605 or 1606-1638), the Flemish painter. Case-hardened on colour, occasionally dramaticheski grotesque scenes from life of peasants and urban bottoms (" Quarrel behind a card play "), landscapes ("Moonlight").

BROUWER Lejtzen Egbert Jan (1881-1966), the Netherlands mathematician. Has laid foundation to a recent trend in mathematics - to an intuitionism. Has received a number of the important results in of topology.

BRAHI... (from grech. brachys - short), the part of the composite words meaning "short", "brief" (napr., brahikefalija).