BUSSENAR (Boussenard) Lui Anri (1847-1910), the French writer. Extremely topical novels on a geographycal and natural-historical material; sci-fi (" Secret of the doctor of Synthesis ", 1888) and adventure, including anticolonial novels (" the Captain the Thwart - head ", 1901; " Stealers of brilliants ", 1884).

BUSSENGO (Boussingault) Jean Batist (1802-87), the French chemist, one of founders of an agrochemistry. Probes on a cycle in a nature. Has proved, that all plants (except for pod-bearing plants) require nitrogen of soil. Has placed, that a source of carbon for green plants - ÑÎ2 air.

BUSSINESK (Bussinek) (Boussinesq) ZHozef Valanten (1842-1929), the French scientist. Transactionses after hydrodynamics, optician, thermodynamics, elastic theories.

BUSSOV (Bussow) Konrad (?-1617), the german memoirist. In 1601-12 was in Russia. The writer " the Moscow chronicle. 1584-1613 ".

AIMING CIRCLE (frants. boussole), the instrument for measurement of a magnetic azimuth of directions on location. Apply at a geodetic engineering, in mine surveying; in artillery - at steering of fire.

BUSTAMANTE (Sanchez de Bustamante-i-Sirven, Sanchez de Bustamante y Sirven) Antonio (1865-1951), the cuban lawyer - foreign affairs specialist and the diplomat. The writer of numerous transactionses on international private law, including code Bustamante - one of most considerable regional codifications of international private law.

BUSTAN, city (with 1983) in Uzbekistan, Kara-Kalpak, in 70 kms from zh.-d. An item. Urgench. 9,2 thousand inhabitants (1991). A ginnery, etc.

BUSTANI (al-Bustani), family of Arabian educators in Lebanon. Are most known: 1) Butrus al-Bustani (1819-83), has based in 1847 first educational society, in 1863 - first in Lebanon national school, began the issuing of the Arabian encyclopedia... 2) Sulejman al-Bustani (1856-1925), has transferred "Illiada" Gomera to Arabian tongue.

BOOSTS, lake in north JAno-Indigirskoj nizm. 249 êì2. From Bustaha escapes r. Suruktah.

BOOSTER (English booster), an auxiliary for increase of force and speed of action of the main mechanism or the machine (napr., 1-n a stage of a multiple-step rocket, hydraulic, electrical or the air device in a control circuit control surfaces of airplanes).

BOOSTER PUMP, the steam-jet vacuum pump serving for building of mean air void in vacuum systems.

BUSTROFEDON (grech. bustrophedon, from bus - the bull and strepho - I turn), a way of the letter at which 1-n the line is written, napr., from right to left, 2-n - from left to right, 3-n - again from right to left, etc. Meets in monuments kritskogo, hettskogo, juzhnoaravijskogo, etrusskogo, Grecian and other letter.

BUSHAK (an ice-film. A name Fahraddin Ahmad - i-Halladzh) (?-1427), the Iranian poet, the humorist and the satirist. In parodies applied a culinary nomenclature; in a poem " the Treasury of appetite " parodies "Gulistan" Saadi.

ROUGH STONE, see Pavljuk P.M.

ROUGH STONE (Booth) William (1829-1912), the English ecclesiast, the founder and the first general of salvage - the charitable foundation which has received a wide circulation all over the world.

BUTADIEN (1, a 3-butadien, divinyl), CH2=CÍ-CH=CH2, colourless gas, têèï - 4,47 °S. Receive dehydrogenation of the petroleum keeping normal butane and butenes, and also from alcohol. Raw material for manufacture of synthetic rubbers.

BUTADIENS - BUTADIENE-NITRILE RUBBERS (divinyls - butadiene-nitrile rubbers, butadiene-nitrile rubbers, SKN, BNK), [-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-] n - [-CH2-CH (CN)-] m, synthetic polymers, products of copolymerisation of a butadien with acrylonitrile. Gums from BNK benzo-also are oil-insoluble (manufacture of cauls, conveyer belts, etc.).

DIVINYL RUBBERS (divinyl rubbers), products of a polymerization of a butadien. First-ever industrial synthetic rubber; it is received in the USSR in 1932. Stereoregular divinyl rubber apply primarily in manufacture of splints (exceed splints from plant rubber on wear-resistance), not stereoregular - to manufacture, napr., kisloto-and alkaliproof gum, an ebonite.

STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBERS (divinyls - styrene rubbers, styrene rubbers, SKS, BSK), [-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-] n-[-CH2-CH (C6H5)-] m, products of copolymerisation of a butadien with styrol (sometimes with?-ìåòèëñòèðîëîì). Gums from BSK are strong and wear-resistant (manufacture of auto tires, conveyer belts, rubber shoe).

BUTAKOV Alexey Ivanovich (1816-69), the Russian hydrograph, rear admiral (1867). Brother G.I.Butakova. The participant of round-the-world expedition 1840-42. In 1848-49 probeed Aral m., has discovered a number of islands, has constituted the first hydrographic description and a map of the Aral m. (it is issued 1850).