LEJTEN (Leuthen) (the modern Ljutynja, Lutynia), settlement in Poland to the west Vrotslava. About Lejtena 5.12.1757 during Seven-year war a troops of Prussian king Fridriha II, having applied t. n. A sand - bar a linear battle formation, have routed the Austrian army that has supplied capture of Silesia by Prussia.

LEJTEN (Luyten) Willem Jakob (r. 1899), the American astronomer. Probeed all asters in radius 10 parsec around of the Sun, has discovered about 100 thousand asters with major proper motions, has found the majority of white dwarfs known now.

The LIEUTENANT (frants. lieutenant), military rank of a junior officer personnel in many states. Has appeared in France in 15 century where so called the officer substituting the chief. About 2-nd floor. 17 century in France and other european states a grade in army and fleet. In Russia the grade of the lieutenant existed with nach. 18 century on fleet; with 1907 was also a grade the higher lieutenant. In the Soviet Armed forces in 1935 ranks the lieutenant and the higher lieutenant, in 1937 - the second lieutenant have been entered; it was saved in Armed forces of the Russian Federation.

MOTIF (a nem. leitmotiv, characters. - master motive), the musical revolution recurring in a piece of music in the capacity of of performance or a graphical symbol of the character, a subject, the phenomena, ideas, emotions. It is used with kon. 18 century in opera, since 19 century - in ballet and program tool music. The composite system of motifs was applied in the operas by R.Wagner. The term "motif" has also more broad value: as definition of the dominating beginning in a human activity, in a chain of events.

LEJF EJRIKSON (Lejf Happy) (Leif in heppni Eiriksson) (ok. 975 - ok. 1022), the iceland viking, son Ejrika Raudi. In 1004 has crossed Davis strait, the Sowing has reached a north-east shore. America; in 1005 has returned to Greenland.

LEUCINE, CH3CH (CH3) CH2CH (NH2) COOH, an aliphatic amino asid. Is part some all natural proteins. It is applied to treatment of diseases of a liver, anemias and other diseases. An essential amino asid.

LEUCITE, porodoobrazujushchy a mineral of subclass of framed aluminosilicate, K [AlSi2O6]. Hardness 5,5-6; firmness ok. 2,5 g / sm3. Lejtsitovye breeds - raw material for obtaining an alumina and a potash; it is applied in steklovarenii.

LEUSHMANIA, a stem of Protozoa of a class of flagellates. The dimensions 2-4 microns. 3 kinds - intracellular parasites of the person and some animal; invoke leishmaniases.

LEISHMANIASES, diseases of the person and animal (dogs, rodents, etc.), called lejshmanijami and relaying through mosquitoes. Distinguish 2 forms of a leushmaniosis of the person: a leushmaniosis dermal (napr., pendinskaja a ulcer) and a leushmaniosis internal (visceral; napr., a faecal matter - azar).

LEKAJN (an ice-film. fam. Yeremeyev) Nikandr Sergeevich (1907-60), the mari writer. Novels " Iron force " (1939-41), " On fire of great war " (kn. 1-3, 1948), " the Earth ancestors " (kn. 1-2, 1955-60). Stories.

PROFILE OF A LINE, 1) a drawing instrument for realization or checks of curves. 2) the Inspection tool or the marking device (template) with the working edge conforming to a profile of an item. Ministers for the supervisory control or obvodki curvilinear circuits of formed pieces.

The DRUG DISEASE, the term which is not having strictly scientific content, defines different developments of a hypersensibility (a medicinal allergy) or a personal intolerance (idiosyncrasy) of pharmaceuticals and other kinds of a side effect of medicines.

PHARMACEUTICALS (medicines), substances of a natural or synthetic origin or their mixes used primarily for treatment and prophylaxis of diseases (napr., antianginalnye a means, antipyretics).

MEDICINAL FORMS, convenient for application and rational forms for the medical effect, attached to pharmaceuticals. Distinguish medicinal forms: fluid (napr., solutions, extracts, decoctions), mild (napr., ointments, pastes), solid (napr., powders, tablets), gaseous, in an extra packing (napr., aerosols).

The DOCTOR, the official title of the doctor in pre-revolutionary Russia.

LEKEN (Lekain) (an ice-film. fam. Ken, Cain) Anri Lui (1729-78), the French actor. With 1750 in " Komedi Fransez " (Paris). The large representative of an educational classicism, the reformer of the scenic game, a theatrical costume.

LEKIF (grech. lekythos), an ancient greek crock for the toilet oil, with a fine-bored neck and the vertical handle.

LEKLANSHE an ELEMENT, the most widespread galvanic cell used in an electronic clock, radio equipment, toys, etc. It is invented in 1865 French scientist Z.Leklanshe. The positive electrode plumps from a manganese dioxide with the additive of black lead and carbon black, negative - from zinc, the electrolyte will consist of chlorides of a potassium, zinc, a calcium. Electromotive force till 1,65 Century.

LEKLERK (Leclerc) (an ice-film. fam. de Otklok, de Hauteclocque) Filip the Goosefoot (1902-47), marshal of France (1952, posthumously). In 2-¯ world war the major, escaped from a prisoner-of-war camp. The commander of armoured division in Tunis commanded a troops of " the Combating France " in Equatorial Africa, and at discharging France. In 1945 commander-in-chief the French troops on the Far East. Has perished in fatal flight accident.

LEKOK DE BUABODRAN (Lecoq de Boisbaudran) Pol Emil (1838-1912), the French chemist. Has discovered (1875) gallic predicted by D.I.Mendeleevym (1870), samarium (1879), a gadolinium and dysprosium (1886).