NON-FAILURE OPERATION, in technique - property of an item (object) to save functionability for a while or down to fulfilment of a definite volume of activity without enforced rests (napr., on repair). One of reliability indexes.

RECOILLESS, the artillery piece which is not having at an outrigger boom a withdrawal (rollback) of a trunk (powder gases leave through a muzzle part of a trunk and back through a breech housing having a nozzle). Are present in different armies.

NONWASTE TECHNOLOGY, the term often used in the literature for notation of low-waste production processes.

UNEMPLOYMENT, non-occupancy of a part economically the active population in economic activities; exists in latent and manifestative, chronic and near-term forms. The causes of unemployment: an economic competition, in particular on a labour market; mismatch of a supply and demand of a labour on trades, trades; a downstream; phasing-out in traditional branches, closure technically the backward enterprises, etc. In the majority of developed countries state regulation of busy condition and the help the unemployed actuates preparation and retraining of a labour, building of padding jobs, assistance to hiring, payment of unemployment benefits, insurance of unemployment. A level and scales of unemployment - one of the major parameters of a condition of economy. In 1980-90-Õ an average level of unemployment in developed countries - 6-8 % of all labour.

BEZREDKA Alexander Mihajlovich (1870-1940), the Russian microbiologist. With 1897 in Pasterovskom institute in Paris. Pupil I.I.Mechnikova. Has developed a method of prophylaxis of an anaphylactic shock at wheyish treatment, a way of an aboriginal immunization.

BEZRUKOV Pantelej Leonidovich (1909-81), the Russian geologist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1968). Transactionses on geological oceanography and theories of sludge formation in oceans. Has discovered Karatausky fosforitonosnyj a bass. The state premium of the USSR (1946, 1951, 1977).

BEZRUCH (Bezruc) Peter (an ice-film. A name Vladimir Vashek, Vasek) (1867-1958), the Czech poet. Has reflected revolutionary moods of people, has created a mode of the Czech worker (the collection " Silezskie songs ", 1909).

BEZOUT the THEOREM, a remainder of division of polynomial Pn (x) degree n on binomial expression x - b where b - figure, it is peer Pn (b). E.Bezu is established.

BEZOUT (Bezout) Etjen (1730-83), the French mathematician. Transactionses under the theory of algebraic equations.

UNCONDITIONED REFLEXES, rather stationary values, genetically timbered organism responses to the fixed influences of an external world which are carried out with the help of nervous system. Napr., flashing, a suction for neonatal. The term is entered by I.P.Pavlovym. Compare. Conditioned reflexes.

DENUCLEARIZED ZONE, in the international law - the demilitarized zone in which it is forbidden to place automatic weapon in any form.

BEZYMENSKY Alexander Iljich (1898-1973), the Russian poet. Has come in the literature as the Komsomol poet. Poems "Komsomolija" (1924), " Tragedijnaja night " (1930-1966); a song " Pullet guards ", etc. The Satirical play in verses "Outrigger boom" (1929).

BEJ, see. Bek.

BEJ-BIENKO Grigory Jakovlevich (1903-71), the Russian entomologist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1953). Transactionses on ecology and a taxonomist of hexapods, the theory of protection of plants. The state premium of the USSR (1952).

BEJ-BIENKO Grigory Jakovlevich (1903-71), the Russian entomologist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1953). Transactionses on ecology and a taxonomist of hexapods, the theory of protection of plants. The state premium of the USSR (1952).

BEJDEMAN Michael Stepanovich (1839-87), ðoññèéñêèé the revolutionary, the lieutenant. With 1860 emigrant - in Garibaldi troops, the compositor of the Free Russian printing house in the London. In 1861 has clandestinely transfered Russian border with antiautocratic and antikrepostnicheskim the manifest, it arrested. 20 flying without court has conducted in Alekseevskom a ravelin (" the mysterious prisoner "). Has died in an insane hospital.

BEJERINK (Beyerinck) Martin (1851-1931), Netherlands botanik and a microbiologist, foreign corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1924), foreign honorary member AN the USSR (1929). First has secured and has described clean cultures of nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria (1888) and an azotobacter (1901).

BAKER (Baker) James (r. 1930), state and the political figure the USA. In 1985-88 Minister of Finance. In 1989-92 state secretary the USA in administration of president Dzh. Bush.

BAKER (Baker) Semjuel Uajt (1821-93), the English traveller across Africa. Probeed headstreams of White Nile. In 1869 chief of egyptian military expedition in JUzh. Sudan.

BEJLAGAN (up to 1989 ZHdanovsk), city (with 1966) in Azerbaijan, in 20 kms from zh.-d. An item. Dashburun. 13 thousand inhabitants (1991). Maslosyrodelatelnyj combine.