VANDRIES ZHozef (1875-1960), French jazykoved. Activities on general and indoevropejskomu to linguistics, latin, Grecian, to the Celtic tongues. The adherent t. n. Sociological school.

"VANEMUJNE" (Vanemuine), see. Estonian theatre " Âàíåìóéíå ".

VANI, city (with 1981) in Georgia, in 19 kms from zh.-d. Unit Samtredia. 6,7 thousand inhabitants (1991). A food-processing industry. A clothing factory. Theatre. A study of local lore museum. Residues of antique city (5-1 centuries up to n. e.): shore fortifications, cultural complexes, affluent burials, etc.

VANI, in Japanese mythology the marine godhood in appearance of the crocodile or a shark, dangerous for people.

VANILLIN, 3-CH3O-4-HOC6H3CHO, colourless crystals with a specific odor; tïë 81-83 °C. It is contained in fruits of vanilla. Synthesize from a guaiacol and the lignin. A vanillin - odorous substance in an alimentary and perfumery industry. His mix with a powdered sugar (1:100) calls as vanilla sugar.

VANILLA, stem of plants of a set of an orchid family. Terraneous or epiphytic lianes. Ok. 100 kinds, in tropics; cultivate in the same place some kinds for the sake of the fruits keeping a vanillin.

VANIN Vasily Vasiljevich (1898-1951), the Russian actor, the producer, the national actor of the USSR (1949). On the scene with 1920. In 1924-49 at Theatre him. Mossoveta. It was taken out in films: " Lenin in October ", " Lenin in 1918 year ", " the Secretary of a district committee ", "Valery Tchkalov", etc. Professor VGIKa (with 1949). The state premium of the USSR (1943, 1946, 1949).

VANIN Stepan Ivanovich (1890-1951), the Russian scientist in range of a wood phytopathology and wood science, the doctor of agricultural sciences (1935), the honored worker of science and technique of RSFSR (1948). In 1930 has created first in the USSR stand of wood science in the Forest academy. Transactionses on biology and physiologies drevorazrushajushchih and drevesinookrashivajushchih mushrooms, to study physical-mechanical and chemical properties of wood. The writer of the first tutorials on a phytopathology. The state premium of the USSR (1950).

VANINI (Vanini) Dzhulio CHezare (psevd. Ljuchilio, Lucilio) (1585-1619), the italian philosopher - panteist, has tested major influence Dzh. Bruno; the priest, is accused of heresy and atheism and incinerated by inquisition.

VANINO, a urban settlement in the Russian Federation, Khabarovsk kr. A port in the Tatar prol. A depot. 21,6 thousand inhabitants (1991). Timber industry combine. Train ferry Vanino - Holmsk (about. Sakhalin).

VANICHEV Alexander Pavlovich (r. 1916), Russian heat-process engineering, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1962). Transactionses on power plants, theories of burning, etc. The Lenin premium (1957).

VANKAREM, headland in northwest Chukchi p-ova. A main occupied point - Vankarem. In 1934 base of the Soviet pilots saving participants of expedition on parahode "CHeljuskin". Polar station (with 1934).

VANKELJA the ENGINE, a rotorno-reciprocating engine of internal combustion, which design it is developed in 1957 german scientist F.Vankelem (F. Wankel). In Vankelja the engine the 3-faced curl (bucket) is spun in the cylinder special a profile. Edges of a curl cut off variable volumes of chambers in which there are routine processes for internal-combustion engines. At equal power have in 2-3 times the smaller dimensions, than reciprocating engines.

VANCOUVER, city in northwest USA, pieces. Washington, on r. Columbia, opposite Portland to which it is connected by the bridge. 46 thousand inhabitants (1990). A port, available for courts of admiralty. Nonferrous machine industry, a woodworking. Manufacture of electronic parts. In 1937 in Vancouver have finished flight through an arctic pole V.P.Tchkalov, G.F.Bajdukov and A.V.Beljakov.

VANCOUVER, city and port in Canada, on Quiet ok. 472 thousand inhabitants (1991). Lesoobrabatyvajushchaja, alimentary, machine-building (including ship-building, manufacture of the equipment for wood and mining) an industry. University.

VANCOUVER (Vancouver), an island in Quiet ok., for a shore the Sowing. America (Canada). 32,2 thousand êì2. An altitude up to 2200 m. Coniferous forests. Fishery. Main city and a port - Victoria. It is called by name Dzh. Vancouver.

VANCOUVER (Vancouver) George (1757-1798), the English seafarer. The participant of 2-nd and 3-rd expeditions Dzh. Cook (1772-79). In 1790-95 chief of round-the-world expedition, probeed the Pacific shore the Sowing. America.

VAN - MU SHICHZHE (a whale. poslannitsy mothers - madams), in the Chinese mythology of an entity with a body of a bird and a face of the girl, servant Si-van-mu.

BATHING FURNACE, 1) a furnace (electrical or flame) for heating a metal goods in a liquid medium (napr., in fused salt) at thermal or a chemical heat treatment. 2) the Flowing furnace (primarily flame) which working space is prolated in a horizontal direction and looks like a bath (napr., the tandem furnace, an open-hearth furnace, a reverberatory furnace).

VANNIKOV Boris Lvovich (1897-1962), the Russian statesman, the general - colonel of an engineering - ammunition service (1944), triply the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1942, 1949, 1954). With 1937 deputy narkoma, in 1939-41 narkom a defenᥠindustry, in 1942-46 narkom an ammunition, in 1953-58 1-st deputy minister of a mean machine industry of the USSR. The state premium of the USSR (1951, 1953).