WOLFRAMITE, mineral of group of wolframates, (Fe, Mn) [WO4]. Impurity: Zn, Mg, Ta, Nb, etc. Versions: gjubnerit Mn [WO4], reddish colour, firmness of 7,2 g / sm3; ferberit Fe [WO4], black colour, firmness of 7,6 g / sm3. Hardness 5-5,5. Meets in grejzenah and high-temperature hydrothermal cable cores, stream gravels. The main ore of a tungsten.

TUNGSTEN ORE. Main minerals: wolframite, a scheelite, gjubnerit. Minimum percentage WO3 in ore of 0,4-0,5 %. The main impurity: Sn, Mo, Be, Au, Cu, Pb and Zn. Main getting foreign countries - the USA, Republic Korea, Bolivia, Thailand, Canada, Australia.

WOLFSBURG (Wolfsburg), city in Germany, ground the Lower Saxony. 129,2 thousand inhabitants (1991). A car factory of firm " Volkswagen ", sewing, a canning industry.

VOLJUMORETSEPTORY (from frants. volume - volume and receptors), sensing nerve terminations in different organs and the blood vessels, responding to a stretching of their walls.

VOLUNTARISM (from an armour. voluntas - will; the term is entered by F.Tennisom in 1883)... 1) a direction in the philosophy, construing will in the capacity of the maximum principle of life. The voluntarism is characteristic for philosophy of Augustine, John Dunsa Skota, etc. As the do-it-yourself direction for the first time was issued for Schopenhauer.... 2) the Activity which is not reckoning with objective attitudes, defined by the arbitrary solutions of faces executing her.

VOLJUPTAS (an armour. Enjoying), in Roman mythology (in Àïóëåÿ version) daughter Psihei, olitsetvorenie pleasures.

VOLUTE (ital. voluta, characters. - a curl), architectonic motive in the form of a strombuliform curl with "eye" at the centre. A constituent part of order small caps; an architectonic component part of corbels, gantries, doors, windows.

WILL, ability to selection of activity and the internal gains necessary for its implementation. The specific certificate, irreducible to consciousness and activity as such. Executing acts of will, the person stands up to to an authority of directly tested requirements, impulsive desires: for an act of volition typically not experience " I want ", and experience "is necessary", " I should ", realization of a valuable target signature of action. The strong-willed conduct actuates the decision marking often attending with extirpation of motives (the certificate of selection), and his realization.

" WILL of RUSSIA ", Russian periodicals: the weekly newspaper (1920-22), a weekly journal (1922-24), monthly political and a literary magazine (1924-32), Prague. Among editors - M.L.Slonim. Products of writers - emigrants and the Soviet writers were typed.

VOMAN (Wohmann) Gabriela (r. 1932), the german writer. In novels " Now and never " (1958), " Paulinhen was at home one " (1974), " Walk with mother " (1976), stories (the collection "Loneliness", 1982) - problems of the modern family, human mutual understanding.

VOMBATY, a set of mammals of a marsupialia. Length of a body ok. 1 m. 2-3 kinds, in Australia and Tasmania. 1 kind in the Red Data Book of the International union of nature protection and natural resources.

VOMPERSKY Stanislav Eduardovich (r. 1930), Russian lesoved, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1990). Probes on structure, dynamics of development and a biological effeciency of wood and paludous biogeocenoses.

VONDEL (Vondel) Jost van den (1587-1679), the Netherlands poet and the playwright. The prominent representative of a classicism. A drama "Passover" (1612), tragedies "Maria Stjuart" (1646), "Lucifer" (1654) on historical and biblical scenes. The collection " Miscellaneous verses " (1644-47) patriotic characters.

VONDZHU, city in Republic Korea. 173 thousand inhabitants (1990). A traffic centre. Mild and a food-processing industry.

VONIFATY (Bonifaty) Tarsijsky (mind. 290), the Christian martyr damaged in persecution of emperor Diokletiana, slave Aglaidy Roman. Memory in the Orthodox church on December, 19 (on January, 1), in Roman catholic on May, 14.

"VONKISTY", members of Liberal party in Belgium in 1787-90. The title named leader Z.F.Vonka (J. F. Vonck). Participat in Brabant revolution 1789-90.

VONNEGUT (Vonnegat) (Vonnegut) Kurt (r. 1922), the American writer. Roman " the Mechanic piano " (1952, Russian transfer - " the Utopia 14 ", 1967), " the Cradle for a grapnel " (1963), " the Abattoir number five " (1969), "Hut" (1976), " Prison ptashka " (1982), "Galapagos" (1985) dissect severe paradoxes of a scientific and technological revolution, discredit concepts of a technocracy and stsientizma which realization is involved in social cataclysm and moral degeneration. The prose combines methods of science fiction with traditions grotesque and pritchevoj literatures. The collection of an essay "Palm sunday" (1981).

VONSOVSKY Sergey Vasiljevich (r. 1910), the Russian physics - theorist, the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; academician AN the USSR with 1966), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1969). The chairman of Presidium of Ural centre of science AN the USSR (1971-86). The founder of school under the theory of magnetism. Transactionses on solid-state theory, the magnetic phenomena, the theory of metals and alloys, semiconductors, a superconductivity. The state premium of the USSR (1975, 1982).

FANCY (imagination), the mental activity consisting in building of submissions and imaginary situations, never as a whole recognizing by the person actually. Distinguish reconstructing fancy and creative fancy.