Friday, June 8, 2007

  • VALENCE BAND, best of the allowed Bloch bands of electrons of a solid in which at the temperature of 0 To all energy state are occupied (see. Band theory). At Ò> 0 To generatrix in a valence band of a vacant electron site participate in electric conductivity. Concept of a valence band routinely apply in physics of semiconductors and dielectrics.
  • VALENCE (from an armour. valentia - force), ability of atom of a chemical element (or nuclear group) to organize fixed figure of chemical bonds with other atoms (or nuclear groups). Instead of valence often use more fine-bored concepts, napr. Oxidation state, a coordination number.
  • VALER (frants. valeur, characters. - value), in painting and the schedule{chart} shade of the tint expressing (in interrelation with other shades) a fixed ratio of light and a shade. Application of system valerov allows is more thin also the richman to show subjects in svetovozdushnoj to medium.
  • VALERA Huan (1824-1905), the spanish writer. Psychologic, realistic novels " Pepita Himenes " (1874), " Donja Ljus " (1879), " Illusions of doctor Faustino " (1875). Criticism.
  • VALERI Pol (1871-1945), the French poet. Essentials of philosophical lyrics (" Juvenile Park ", " the Marine cemetery ", "Charm") - speculations about impotence of reason adequately to perceive a reality and about a nature of creativity. An essay about S.Mallarme, S.Bodlere, etc. Filosoficheskie (in the form dnevnikovyh records) "Writing-books" (t. 1-29, 1894-1945; are issued 1957-61).
  • VALERIANAS (Valerianus) (193-260), Roman emperor with 253, regulations together with son Gallienom. At a nem there were persecutions of Christians. Has died in a film during war with persians.
  • VALERIANAS Roman (mind{wit}. ok. 230), the Christian martyr, the marital partner of martyress Kikilii Roman. Memory{remembrance} in the Orthodox church on November, 22 (on December, 5), in Roman catholic on April, 14.
  • VALERIANAS Trapezundsky (mind{wit}. 305), the Christian martyr damaged in persecution of emperor Diokletiana. Memory{remembrance} in the Orthodox church on January, 21 (on February, 3).
  • VALERIANA (valerian), stem of perennial grasses of a set valerian. St. 200 kinds{views}, in Eurasia, JUzh. And the Sowing. To America. Garden heliotrope (an altitude of a stalk up to 2 ì) cultivate for obtaining from roots and rootstocks of abirritating pharmaceuticals.
  • VALERIANIC ACID, ÑÍ3 (ÑÍ2) 3-ÑÎÎÍ, têèï 185,4 °S; it is contained radically Valerianas. Use in manufacture odorous, medicinal, etc. substances. See also Isopropyl acetic acid.
  • VALERY Melitinsky (mind{wit}. 298), one of thirty three Christian martyrs - soldiers, postradavshchih in the Melitin in persecution of emperor Diokletiana. Memory{remembrance} in the Orthodox church on November, 7 (20).
  • VALERY Sevastijsky (mind{wit}. ok. 320), one of a magpie sevastijskih martyrs.
  • FELL, in the Scandinavian mythology one of gods - aces, son Odina and Rind, the brave soldier, the avenger for death Baldra.
  • VALIEV Kamil Ahmetovich (r. 1931), Russian physics, the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; academician AN the USSR with 1984). The main{basic} transactionses on physicotechnological problems of microelectronics, solid-state physics and liquids. Under Valiev guiding the major nomenclature of integrated circuits is built. The lenin premium (1974).
  • VALIESARSKY the AGREEMENT, for armistice between Russia and Sweden, has finished the russko-Swedish war 1656-58 (20.12.1658, d. Valiesar, bliz Narva). To Russia headed out Kokengauzen, JUrjev, Marienburg, Syrensk.
  • VALIHANOV CHokan CHingisovich (1835-1865), the Kazakh educator, the traveller, the ethnographer, the specialist in folklore, the explorer of a history and crop of peoples Compare. Asia, Kazakhstan and Zap. China ("Kirghiz", 1858; " Sketches of Dzungaria ", 1861); sustained close connections with Russian democratic intelligency. The writer of heavy drawings and water colours.
  • It is SHAKY, city in Russian empire. It is known from 13 century. Till 17 century - Peddel. In 1920 it separate into cities Valga (nowadays in Estonia) and the Cutting (in Latvia).
  • The Russian historian, arheograf, the doctor of historical sciences, the professor is SHAKY Sigizmund Natanovich (1887-1975). Transactionses and publications on a history of public idea and revolutionary movement in Russia, historiography, a source study.
  • CUTTING, (Valka), city in Latvia, bliz zh.-d. An item. Valga. 8,2 thousand inhabitants (1990). Wood-working and a light industry. A study of local lore museum. It is known from 13 century. Borders on to. Valga (Estonia) with which up to 1920 compounded{made} one city - It is shaky.
  • ROLLS, city on Ukraine, the Kharkov region, bliz zh.-d. An item. Kovjagi. 11,0 thousand inhabitants (1991). Manufacture of furniture, a building materials; a clothing factory. It is based in 1646 as strength, city with 1780.
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