BRIGANTINE (from ital. brigantino).. 1) a marine sailing two-masted vessel with goosewings on a forward{front} spar tree (foremast) and skew on rear (mainmast). In 17-19 centuries were used in a VTR... 2) Parusno-rowing in Russian fleet of 18 century for a troop movement and freights in offshore areas; had 2-3 instruments.

BRIGGEN (Brigen) Alexander Fedorovich (1792-1859), the decembrist, the colonel in demission. The participant of Domestic war of 1812 and oversea marchings. The member of " Soyuz of prosperity " and Boreal society of decembrists. It is convicted on 2 years of penal servitude. With 1827 in Nerchinskih mines, in 1828-56 on a settlement in Pelyme, Kurgan.

BRIGITA (latinisen form Brigantia, from irl. Top), the goddess of the Celtic myths, daughter Dagdy, the goddess of wisdom, the patroness of poetic handcraft and secret knowledge. It was figured in a mode{an image} of a bird with a human head.

BREEDER (English breeder), a version of the reactor - razmnozhitelja.

BRIDGE (English bridge, characters. - the bridge), a version of gambling (2 pairs{vapours;couples} playing) with a pack from 52 maps. Has arisen presumably in Constantinople (in 1870), under other data - in Russia (in 1880th). The sporting version of a bridge is most distributed. World league of a bridge (WBF; it is based in 1960) integrates 96 countries (1990). The european league of a bridge is based in 1948, the All-Russia league of a sporting bridge - in 1989. Olympic world championships - with 1950, Europe - with 1932 are carried out{conducted} with 1960.

SERVICE BREECHES (from English breeches), the trousers, fitting a shin and little bit extending up. Them have routinely with boots (napr., at a horseback riding). In some armies a fitting of an officer service dress.

The BRIDGEMAN (Bridgman) Persi Williams (1882-1961), American physics and the philosopher. The founder of high-pressure physics, has developed methods for obtaining pressure up to 425 thousand atmospheres, probeed properties of many substances at high pressure (the Nobel Prize, 1946). One of creators operatsionalizma.

BRIDGEPORT (Bridgeport), city and a port on north-east the USA, pieces. Connecticut. 142 thousand inhabitants (1990, with suburbs over 400 thousand inhabitants). A machine industry and metal working, a chemical industry. Universities.

BRIDGETOWN (Bridgetown), capital and a main port of Barbados. 97,5 thousand inhabitants (1990, with suburbs). An international airport. Flavoring, a light industry.

BRIEDE (Briede) Alexander (r. 1901), the Latvian sculptor, the national artist of the USSR (1972), corresponding member AH (1958). Chamber and monumental statues, gravestones in Riga, portraits, small-sized porcelain a plastic.

BRIER (Brierre) Jean (r. 1909), the haitian poet and the public figure. Writes in French. Patriotic dramas in verses, poems " Black a shower " (1947), "Discoverings" (1962); the collection of verses " we Shall save the god " (1945) Z.Rumenu, " Other world " (1973), " Figures from clay and gold " (1977) is dedicated.

BRISANCE (from frants. brisant - dividing), ability of blasting explosives to effect at explosion aboriginal cleavage of a solid medium, accumbent directly to a charge. Industrial blasting explosives have brisance of 7-30 mm.

BLASTING BLASTING EXPLOSIVES, class of blasting explosives, which explosive metamorphosis{transformation} weeps in the form of a knocking. Apply to equipment of an ammunition, primers - detonators and at blasting.

BREEZES (frants. brise), winds with daily periodicity on coasts of seas and large lakes. The sea breeze blows from a water reservoir on a heated shore, night - from a cooled shore on a water reservoir. Breezes are routinely distributed to some tens kilometres on both parties from a sealine and on an altitude of several hundreds meters; most often are supervised in tropics.

BRIQUETTE (frants. briquette), pressed by the way a brick, a bar, etc. coal, ore, sawdust or other small-sized material with the purpose of reduction of loss at his{its} further use. For consolidation of briquettes use connecting additives (artificial asphalt, bitumen, water glass, cement, etc.). It is offered in Russia A.P.Veshnjakovym (30th of 19 century).

BRIKNER (Brjukner) (Bruchner) Edward (1862-1927), the german geographer and klimatolog. Transactionses on alternations of a climate (t. n. Briknerov a cycle, length ok. 35 flying), evstaticheskim to sea level fluctuations, a glaciation of the Alpes. The co-author (from A.Penkom) concepts of an ancient glaciation of the Alpes.

BRILING Nikolay Romanovich (1876-1961), the Russian scientist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1953). The main{basic} transactionses on automotive industry, internal-combustion engines, thermotechnics.