BYVALSHCHINA, in Russian national creativity the short oral story about as if incredible incidents having a place.

BYDGOSZCZ (Bydgoszcz), city in Poland, a port on r. Vistula, administrative centre Bydgoshchskogo voevodstva. 380 thousand inhabitants (1990). A machine industry, chemical, alimentary, a light industry. At home and church of 15-16 centuries. It is based in 1346.

BYZOV Alexey Leontjevich (r. 1926), the Russian physiologist, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1981). Probes on neurophysiology of touchsensitive systems (primarily visual), activity of separate neurones.

BYZOV Boris Vasiljevich (1880-1934), the Russian chemist, one of creators of synthetic rubber. Transactionses on chemistry and rubber technologies and gums. Has developed (1913) way of obtaining of divinyl (butadien) a hydrolysis of an oilstock.

The BULL, a sampson of the bridge or a hydrotechnical construction (napr., dams, a water escape).

BULLS, a stem of cloven-hoofed animals of a set polorogih. Are close to water buffaloes. 5 kinds{views}: a yak, gaur, banteng, kuprej and the virgin bull, or turkish - the grandparent of a large horned stock (in a feral{natural} kind{view} it is exterminated in 17 century). Feral{natural} bulls are distributed in Europe, the Sowing. To Africa, Forward{Front}, Compare, JUzh. And Center. Asia. Tame. All bulls - in the Red Data Book of the International union of nature protection and natural resources.

BULLS Vasily Vladimirovich (r. 1924), the Byelorussian writer, the national writer Byelorussian SSR (1980), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1984). In stories " the Third missile " (1962), " Dead it is not hurt " (1966), " Krugljansky the bridge " (1969), "Sotnikov" (1970), " To live till a dawn " (1973; the State premium of the USSR, 1974), " the Mark of a trouble " (1982; the Lenin premium, 1986), "Pit" (1986), " In a fog{mist} " (1987), "Icy cold" (1993) events of Great Domestic war, german occupation, guerilla motion in Belarus, anatomy of bravery and betraying, tragedijnost the personal destinies noted by a seal{printing} of a general national drama in a context of all Soviet history are exhibited.

BULLS Konstantin Mihajlovich (1886-1959), the Russian physiologist, academician AN the USSR (1946) and AMN (1944). Probes influence of a cerebral cortex on an internals. Transactionses on physiology of digestion, chemical drive of exaltation, an interoception. The state premium of the USSR (1946).

BULLS Oleg Nikolaevich (r. 1926), the Russian historian, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1987). The main{basic} transactionses under the theory and histories of international attitudes{relations} and to disarmament problems. The state premium of the USSR (1980).

BULLS Roland Anatoljevich (r. 1929), the actor, the producer, the national actor of the USSR (1990), the academician of the Russian Academy of education (1992). In 1951-58 actor Moscow TJUZa. In 1958-60 main producer of the Leningrad theatre him{it}. Lenin Komsomol. Artistic range Bykova - from drama roles in films "Overcoat" (1960), "Commissioner" (1967, extension{issue} in 1988), " Check on roads " (1972, extension{issue} in 1986) up to tragicomic in film "Andrey Rublyov" (1967, extension{issue} in 1971), television film "is new" (1977, the producer) and satirical roles in film "Àéáîëèò-66" (1967, the producer). Contribution Bykova to development of nursery kino (films " Attention, a turtle is significant{sizeable}! ", 1970, " the Automobile{Car}, a violin and a dog the Blot ", 1975, "Scarecrow", 1984, etc.). The state premium of the USSR (1986).

BYKOVA Elizabeth Ivanovna (1913-89), Russian shahmatistka, the international grandmaster (1976), the deserved master of sport (1953). CHempionka the world (1953-56 and 1958-62), the USSR (1947-48, 1950).

BYKOVO, a urban settlement (with 1962) in the Russian Federation, the Moscow region, in 35 kms to a southeast from Moscow. A depot. 10,3 thousand inhabitants (1991). Bliz Bykovo - one of airports of Moscow.

BYKOVSKY Valery Fedorovich (r. 1934), an astronaut. A pilot - astronaut of the USSR (1963), doubly the Hero of Soviet Union (1963, 1976), the colonel, Cand.Tech.Sci. Flights on the "Orient - 5" (June 1963), "Soyuz - 22" (September 1976), "Soyuz - 31" and orbital station " Salute - 6 " (August - September 1978).

BYKOVSKY Konstantin Mihajlovich (1841-1906), the Russian architect. Son M.D.Bykovsky. Public structures in Moscow with rational grading and eclectic finish of fronts (the State Bank on street Neglinnoj, 1890-92).

BYKOVSKY Mihail Dorimedontovich (1801-85), the Russian architect. The founder of the Moscow architectonic society. Band of farm Marfino, near Moscow (1837-38) in style of a false gothic.

EPIC VERSE, see. National stihoslozhenie.

The BYLINA (olden time), Russian national epicheskie songs - legends. Have arisen as expression of historical consciousness of Russian people of 9-13 centuries, in process bytovanija have absorbed events of the latest time. Narrate predominary about bogatyrs - defence attorneys Rhodinums; have reflected moral and social ideals of people. Boreal bylinas are executed odnogolosno, is routine on short tunes of a deklamatsionno-narrative warehouse, austral bylinas choral, on music are related shirokoraspevnym to the Don songs.

"WAS{FORMER}", the collection (the London - Paris, 1900-04, 1908-13, 15 numbers) and the log-book (Sankt-Peterburg-Leningrad, 1906-07, 1917-26, 57 numbers). Documents and materials on histories of revolutionary movement, predominary 2-nd floor. 19 century. Editors: V.L.Burtsev, V.J.Bogucharsky, P.E.Schegolev.

BYRLAD (Birlad), mid-range Moldovskoj vozv., on the orient Romania. An altitude up to 564 m. Flat interfluves, fissured gullies.

BYRLAD, city in Vost. Romania. 70 thousand inhabitants (1985). A machine industry, a furniture, textile industry.