VILGELMI (Wilhelmy) Ludwig Ferdinand (1812-64), the german chemist. Investigating metamorphosis{transformation} of saccharobiose under action of acids, has offered (1850) mathematical expression for speed of reactions, having put in pawn a fundamentals of chemical kinetics.

VILGELMINA (Wilhelmina) (1880-1962), queen of Netherlands in 1890-1948. Within fascist occupation of country in emigration. Has abdicated for the benefit of the daughter Julians.

WILHELM - PIK-SHTADT-GUBEN, the title of city Guben in Germany in 1960-90.

WILHELMSHAVEN (Wilhelmshaven), city in Germany, ground the Lower Saxony. Ok 91 thousand inhabitants (1991). A port on Boreal m. (freight turnover 20 million t annually). A machine industry (including manufacture of typewriters "Olympia"), nonferrous machine industry, oil refining, chemical, a light industry.

VILD Genrih Ivanovich (1833-1902), physics and a geophysics, the academician (with 1870), the honorary member (1895) Petersburg AN. The Swiss by origin, in 1868-94 worked in Russia. In 1894 has returned to Switzerland. Has based a network{grid} of meteorological stations in Switzerland and Russia and has organized machining weather observations. The president of International meteorological committee (with 1879). The chairman of the International polar commission (with 1880).

VILDE Boris Vladimirovich (1908-42), the French scientist - ethnographer, the participant of movement of Resistance in France, one of organizers of the newspaper "Resistance". The son of the Russian emigrant. It is executed by fascists in Paris.

VILDE Irina (an ice-film. A name and fam. Darja Dmitrievna Polotnjuk) (1907-82), the Ukrainian writer. The story " the History of one life " (1946), the novel of "Sister Richinskie" (the separate issuing - kn. 1-2, 1958-64) about family, about destiny of woman.

VILDE (Vilde) Edward (1865-1933), the Estonian writer. Roman " In an inclement edge{boundarouse} " (1896) draws social processes of the Estonian village. In historical trilogies " War in Mahtra " (1902), " Hodoki from Anija " (1903), "Prophet Maltsvet" (1905-08) life of peasants, civil commotions 50-60-Õ are exhibited of 19 century. Satirical plays, pamphlets, stories. The thin psychologism notes the novel " Molochnik from Mjaekjuly " (1916).

VILDRAK (Vildrac) Charles (an ice-film. A name and fam. Charles Messazhe, Messager) (1882-1971), the French writer. In early creativity - ideas unanimizma. In verses (" the Book of love ", 1914) the statement{confirmation} of spiritual health of people, whose generalized mode{image} - in an anti-war cycle " Songs despaired " (1920). A theme of war in a lyrical drama "Motorship Tinesiti" (1919) and an anti-fascist short story about the awoken France "Lazarus" (1943, it is published in 1946). Novels for youth, fairy tales.

VILENA (Villena) Luis Antonio de (r. 1951), the spanish writer. Saturated cultural reminiscences lyrics (collections " To run from winter ", 1981; " Only mors ", 1984; " Outside of this world ", 1992). The Parodijno-historical novel " the Brothel of lord Byron " (1995).

VILENA (Villena) Enrike de (1384-1434), katalansky the poet. The theorist of poetry (the tract " Art stihoslozhenija " has reached in fragments), translator Vergilija and Dante, the writer of allegory " Transactionses of Gercules " (1417), a legendary magician and the magician (" the Book about an evil eye, or About damage ", etc.).

VILKITSKY Andrey Ippolitovich (1858-1913), the Russian hydrograph - geodesist, the general (1910). The chief of hydrographic probes from a mouth of Pechora up to Yenisei. In 1907-13 headed Main hydrographic steering.

VILKITSKY Boris Andreevich (1885-1961), the Russian hydrograph - geodesist. Son A.I.Vilkitskogo. The chief of hydrographic expedition to the Sowing. Ledovitom. ok. On courts " Òàéìûð " and "Vaigach" (1913-15). In 1920 has emigrated.

VILKITSKOGO the CHANNEL, between Taimyr peninsula and about. A bolshevik (the Sowing. The Earth), bridges starving Karskoe and Laptevyh. Length of 104 kms, the least width of 55 kms, a critical depth of 32 m. It is called named B.A.Vilkitskogo.

VILKIJA, city (with 1950) in Lithuania, on r. Njamunas, in 28 kms from zh.-d. An item. Kaunas. 2,7 thousand inhabitants (1990). Population Vilkii works at the enterprises of Kaunas.

VILKOMIR, the official title of city Ukmerge in Lithuania up to 1917.

VILKS Dzh., see Uilks Dzh.

VILM Feodor Vasiljevich (1845-93), the Russian chemist - neorganik. Transactionses on chemistry of platinum metals. Has received (1883) rodiehloristyj an ammonium (salt Vilma). Has developed a way of obtaining of a clear palladium.

VILMONT (William - Vilmont) Nikolay Nikolaevich (1901-86), the Russian literary critic, a translator, the historian of crop. Transactionses under the german classical literature and philosophy (I.V.Gete, F.Schiller, I.Kant). Articles about the Soviet poets (including memories on B.L.Pasternake, are published in 1987).