VIVATNYJ the CANT (vivat) (an armour. vivat - long live), the kind{view} of the panegyrical cant which has been usual in Russian music of Peter epoch. The melody had fanfarno-ruladnyj character. Were executed a mansion or group of singers primarily during court methods and festivals. Existed{breathed} up to kon. 18 century.

VIVACHE (vivo) (ital. vivace, vivo, characters. - alive), in music - fast rate, mean between allegro and presto; the alive, inspired character of performance{fulfillment}.

VIVEKANANDA Svami (1863-1902), the indian thinker - humanist, the religious reformer and the public figure. Doctrine Vivekananda promoted liberation movement in India.

CIVET CAT (tsivety), a stem of mammals of a set viverrovyh. Length of a body of 60-85 sm, a tail 31-48 see 4 kinds{views}, in JUgo-Vost. Asia. Object of a hunt. 1 subspecies in the Red Data Book of the International union of nature protection and natural resources.

VIVES (Vives) Huan Luis (1492-1540), the spanish thinker of Renaissance, the humanist and the teacher. Opposed scholasticism in protection of trial knowledge. Pedagogical ideas Vivesa have influenced J.A.Komenskogo, and also on I.Loyola.

VIVI, lake in northwest of Central Siberian plateau. The area 130 êì2. From Vivi escapes r. Vivi (in-leak{influx} of Lower Tunguska).

VIVIAN Sevastijsky (mind{wit}. ok. 320), one of a magpie sevastijskih martyrs.

VIVIANITE, mineral of a class of phosphates, Fe3 [PO4] 2.8Í2Î. Impurity{additives} Mn, Mg, Ca, Fe3 +. Colourless and bluish crystals, groundy units. Hardness 1,5-2; firmness of 2,7 g / sm3. Sedimental, less often hypergenic. A mineral color (a blue paint).

VIVIPARIJA (from an armour. vivus - alive and pario - I travail), the same, that a viviparity.

VIVISECTION (from an armour. vivus - alive and sectio - a sectioning) (zhivosechenie), the operation on alive animal with the purpose of study of functions of an organism, action on him{it} of different substances, development of methods of treatment, etc.

VIVO, in music - the same, that vivache.

VIVIEN DE the SEN-OPEN-HEARTH FURNACE (Vivien de Saint-Martin) Lui (1802-97), the French geographer. The writer " Histories of geography and geographycal discoverings " (1873), " the New dictionary of world geography " (t. 1-7). Transactionses on historical geography the Sowing. America, M.Azii, India.

VI-GAS, CH3 (C2H5O) P (O) SCH2CH2N [CH (CH3) 2] 2, a colourless liquid, têèï> 300 °S. A poisonous substance of neuroparalytic action (under foreign data). Has very high inhalation and kozhno-rezorbtivnoj a toxicity (a lethal dose at rezorbtsii through a leather of 8-10 mg).

VIGAN (Wihan) Ganush (1855-1920), the Czech violoncellist, the composer. The court musician in Germany. The founder of " the Czech quartet " (1891). Plays for a violoncello. International competitions by him{it}. Vigana in Prague (1950, 1955). Professor "Motsarteuma" in Salzburg (with 1873) and conservatories in Prague (with 1888).

VIGANO Salvatore (1769-1821), the italian ballet dancer, the ballet master. The reformer of ballet theatre, the creator of new type of a romantic choreographic drama of epoch Risordzhimento (often on a material of products{creations} of U.Shakespeare, P.Kornelja, F.Schiller, V.Alfjeri). Ballets: " Creations Prometeja, or the Authority of music and dance " L.Beethoven, "Otello", "Vestalka", "Didona", "Titaniums", etc.

WIGWAM, home unit of Indians the Sowing. America, dome-shaped, on a hackberry from the thin trunks, coated{obtected} with branches, a bark, mats.

VIGDOROVA Fried Abramovna (1915-65), the Russian writer. In art and publicistic products{creations} about the Soviet school, moral education (including " Wash a class ", 1949; " It wash the dwelling ", 1957; " whom you to him have? ", it is published in 1969) - the tightened feeling of justice, knowledge of nursery psychology.

VIGDORCHIK Seeds Abramovich (1908-80), the Russian scientist in range of aircraft construction, Dr.Sci.Tech. (1963), the honored worker of science and technique of RSFSR (1972). Main technologist OKB of A.N.Tupolev. Transactionses are connected to development of manufacturability of aircraft designs, an introduction in practice of aircraft construction of monolithic constructions, pressed panels, processes of steep acid pickling, new materials. The state premium of the USSR (1949, 1957).

VIGELANN (Vigeland) Gustav (1869-1943), the Norwegian sculptor. Portraits ("Ibsen", 1903), a monument to N.Abel (1908), band Frognerpark in Oslo (1900-43) are noted by combination of naturalism, symbolics and a sensuality to real - realistic treatment of modes{images}.