BALTUSHIS (Baltusis) JUozas (an ice-film. A name and fam. Albertas JUozenas, Juozenas) (1909-91), the Lithuanian writer, the national writer of Lithuania (1969). Novels " the Sold years " (t. 1-2, 1957-69), " the Legend about JUzase " (1979), the autobiographical story " Pood salt " (kn. 1-2, 1973-1975), plays, stories; the book of publicism " Expressions and answers " (1985). Many products are dedicated the Lithuanian village.

BALTY (Baltic nations), colonized in 1-st thousand n. e. Terrain from JUgo-Zap. Baltics up to Top part. Podneprovja and a bass. Oka (see. Goljad). An economy: agriculture and cattle breeding. Eastern balty on a boundary 1-2-ãî one thousand n. e. Were part of an old russian nationality. Western balty (zhjamajty, zemgaly, kurshi, latgaly) - ancestors of the modern Latvians and Lithuanians.

BALUGJANSKY Michael Andreevich (1769-1847), the Russian economist. The first rector of the St.-Petersburg university (1819-21). In a country problem the adherent of liberal reforms. Criticized mercantilism.

BALHARSKAJA CERAMICS, stonewares (pitchers, mugs, bowls, toys), produced in lakskom seconds Balhar Akushinskogo r-on Dagestan. In 17-18 centuries - in the season of the best bloom of a craft - there was a characteristic phylum unglazed balharskoj the ceramics distinguished by harmonic combination of stringent singleness of an outline profile and laconicalness of ortamental brush paintings by an engobe (predominary white; corrugated lines, a hatching, rosettes). On the basis a craft in 1928 it is organized promkolhoz, izgotovljavshy ceramics, in 1936 - artel, converted afterwards in shop of ceramics Mahachkalinskogo of combine.

BALKHASH, city (with 1937) in Kazakhstan, Dzhezkazgan region, landing stage on boreal coast an eskar. Balkhash. A depot. 87,6 thousand inhabitants (1991). Mining-and-metallurgical integrated works. Fish, meat industry.

BALKHASH, closed lake in Kazakhstan, to Balkhash - Alakolskoj to a hollow. 17-22 thousand êì2, depth up to 26 m. In a western part water fresh, in eastern - saltish. The rivers run into lake Or, Karatal, etc. Navigation. Fishery. Main landing stages: Buryldajtal, Burlitobe. On Balkhash - Balkhash. An environmental setting unfavorable.

BALKHASH - ALAKOLSKAJA the HOLLOW, a flat selfcontained hollow in Kazakhstan, at the altitude 342-600 m. The large part is occupied an eskar. Balkhash. On the orient - an eskar. Sasykkol and Alakol, in the south - sand deserts Taukum, Mujunkum, Sarais - Ishikotrau, etc.

BALHI Abu SHakur (915-?), the persian and Tadjik poet. Alongside with Rudaki the founder of the didactic epos in the literature on farsi. " The book of creation " (945-948) was saved in fragments and quotations.

BALTSAN Joseph Lvovich (1923-75), the Moldavian poet. Collections of lyrical verses on a modernity " On the sentinel of life " (1949), " Through years " (1959), " the Choir of instant " (1973). Publicism.

BALCHESKU Í., see N.

BALIKESIR (Balikesir), city in the west Turkey, an administrative centre ilja Balikesir. 170 thousand inhabitants (1990). Textile, alimentary, cement and a woodworking industry.

BALBO (Balbo) CHezare (1789-1853), one of leaders of liberal wing Risordzhimento. In 1848 prime minister of the Sardinian kingdom.

BALBOA (Balboa) Vasko Nunjes de, see. Nunjes de Balboa.

BALGOS (Balgos) Mariano (1898-1954), one of osnovatelej KP Philippines (1930). During Japanese occupation (December 1941-45) one of chiefs Hukbalahap. From 1950 Liberation armies of country commanding by connection. Has perished in fight.

BALD (Baldus, Baldo) (1327-1400), the italian lawyer, the representative of school of postglossators.

BALDEN (Balden) Teo (r. 1904), the german sculptor. Humanistic products Baldena are full powers, plastic intensity ("Ernest Bush", 1962).

BALDR (dr .-èñë. mister), in the Scandinavian mythology one of gods - aces, the juvenile and perfect god of spring, son Odina and Frigg. The cohesive prosaic story about Baldre is contained in " the Junior Edda "; in eddicheskoj to him the poem " Dreams Baldra " is dedicated poetry. The myth about mors Baldra is connected with eshatologicheskimi submissions about death of gods and all world.

BALDUNG (Baldung; a nickname Green, Grien) Hans (ok. 1484/85-1545), the german painter and the schedule. The representative of Revitalization. In products Baldunga the rational beginning is discordant combines with mysticism (an altar of a cathedral in Freiburg - im-Brajsgau, 1512-16).

BALZAC (Balzac) Onore de (1799-1850), the French writer. The epopee " the Human comedy " from 90 novels and stories is connected by general premeditation and many characters: the novel " the Unknown masterpiece " (1831), "Shagreen leather" (1830-31), "Eugeny Grande" (1833), "Father Gorio" (1834-35), "Caesar Birotto" (1837), "Lost dreams" (1837-43), "Cousine Betta" (1846). Balzac epopee - grandiose on a latitude of scope a realistic pattern of the French society.

SNAPWEED, the same, that a yellow balsam.