The BIOMETEOROLOGY, studies influence of the physical and chemical processes descending in an atmosphere, influence of a climate and weather per capita, animal and plants.

BIOMETRY (from a biot... And... metrija), section of biology, which primal problems - planning{glide} of the quantitative biological experiments and machining of outcomes by methods of mathematical statistics. The fundamentals of a biometry are incorporated in kon. 19 century activities of the English scientists F.Galtona and K.Pirsona.

BIOMECHANICS (from a biot... And the mechanics), studies mechanical properties of living tissues, organs and an organism as a whole, and also an origin in them mechanic the phenomena (at motions, respiration, etc.).

BIOMORPHE (from a biot... And grech. morphe - the form, a kind{view}), the same, that a life-form for plants.

BIONDI (Biondi) Mettju Nicolas (r. 1965) the American sportsman (float). The repeated champion of Olympic Games: 1984 - in relay race of 4100 m freestyle, 1988 - 5 golden medals: 50 m, 100 m, 400 m, 800 m freestyle; 1992 - 2 golden medals: in combined relay race of 4100 m and relay race of 4100 m freestyle. The repeated champion of the world.

The INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, studies complexes of biopolymers or low molecular weight natural substances with ions of the metals present in living organisms (Na +, K +, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Fe2 +). Investigates a role of these ions in fulfilment of biologic functions of ferments, etc. It was formed in do-it-yourself range in 50th of 20 century. Operational use is connected to synthesis metallsoderzhashchih medicinal preparations.

The BIONICS, studies features of a structure and vital activity of organisms for building new devices, mechanisms, systems and perfectings existing. Perspective directions: study of nervous system of the person and animal, sense bodys, principles of navigation, orientation and a detection and ranging, used animal, for perfecting computer facilities, development of new sensors and warning systems, etc.

The BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY, studies communication{connection} between a structure of organic substances and their biologic functions. Objects of probes: biopolymers, vitamins, hormones, antibiotics, etc. It was formed in do-it-yourself range in 50th of 20 century on the joint of biochemistry and an organic chemistry. The bioorganic chemistry is closely related with practical problems of medicine, an agriculture, chemical, alimentary and a microbiological industry.

BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY INSTITUTE (IBH) him{it}. Academicians M.M.Shemjakina and J.A.Ovchinnikova of the Russian Academy of Science, it is based in 1959 in Moscow (up to 1974 Institute of chemistry of natural connections). Analyses of the organic compounds participating in biological processes, including biopolymers, etc.

BIOFIELD, the term used for argument of the parapsychological phenomena, in particular{personally} therapeutic influences by a method t. n. Contactless massage, etc. The Capability of registration of a biofield scientific methods invokes{produces} controversies.

BIOPOLYMERS, high molecular weight (molecular weight 103 - 109) natural connections - proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and also their derivative. Are the structural basis{fundamentals} of living organisms and play defining role during vital activity.

BIOPSY (from a biot... And grech. opsis - a kind{view}, a show), an intravital cut of a scrap of a tissue or an organ for microscopic examinations with the diagnostic purpose.

BIORHYTHMS, the same, that biological rhythms.

BIOSYNTHESIS, education of substances necessary for an organism in living cells including biocatalysts - ferments. Routinely as a result of a biosynthesis from simple mother substances the composite connections down to huge molecules of proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides will be derivated more. In an industry use microbialogic synthesis - a biosynthesis microorganisms of antibiotics, hormones, vitamins, amino asids, etc.

BIOSTRATIGRAPHY, the section of a stratigraphy investigator distribution in sedimental adjournments of fossils of organisms with the purpose of making out of relative age of these adjournments.

ECUMENE (from a biot... And an orb), the range of active life enveloping a heel of an atmosphere, a hydrosphere and a top of a lithosphere. In ecumene living organisms (living substance) and medium of their habitation are organo connected and interact one another, derivating integrated dynamic system. The term "ecumene" is entered into 1875 E.Zjussom. The doctrine about ecumene as about an active environment of the Earth, in which cumulative activity of living organisms (including the person) it shows as the geochemical factor of an epicyclic scale and value, it is built by V.I.Vernadskim (1926).

BIOSPHERE RESERVE, protected area (reservation, national park, etc.) on which protection of the most representative for the given zone of natural complexes combines{blends} with scientific probes, long-time monitoring of medium and education in range of nature protection. Building of biosphere reserves (with 1973) is connected to the program " the Person and ecumene ". To 1994 in the world was over 300 biosphere reserves; in Russia - 17, including. Sihote-Alinsky, Prioksko-terrasnyj, etc.

BIOTA (from grech. biote - life), set{combination} of kinds{views} of plants, animal and microorganisms, consolidated general range of distribution{propagation}. As against a biocoenosis, it can be defined by absence of ecological relationships between kinds{views}.

BIOTELEMETRY (from a biot... A body... And... metrija), measurement apart the parameters defining a condition of biological objects (napr., pulse, temperature, a blood pressure for astronauts, sportsmen); implements a means of a telemechanics.

BIOTHERMAL HOLE (Bekkari a hole), deepened in ground (on 9-10 ì) a structure from vlago-and a heat-resistant material for a disinfection of corpses animal (except for perished from a Siberian plague). During decomposition corpses through 30-40 sut are pulped, fit for fertilizer.