BOOK KEEPING, one of kinds of the economic count; founded on documents continuous interdependent reflectance of a means and economic operations in the money form. At book keeping the documentation and inventory, an assessment and accounting, accounts and the double entry, the reporting are used balance accounting. Book keeping is conducted on unified regulations and forms that allows then to extend his data with the help of statistics.

BUHGOLTS Benedikt Lvovich (1900-33), the Russian military pilot, the pilot - verifier. Participated in development of the methodical manual on airplane ô-1 which has underlain a course of flight preparation; for the first time has executed a complex experiment in air by definition an efficient way of spin recovery of a flying boat "Savoy - 16". Has perished at flight.

BUHENVALD (Buchenwald), fascist concentration camp bliz Weimar in 1937-45. In Buhenvalde it has been deleted by 56 thousand encased. In 1958 in Buhenvalde the memorial complex is open.

BUHER FOR. X., see Bacher U.H.

BUHIS, in egyptian mythology the god of. Germont, esteemed in a mode of the black bull.

BUHNER (Buchner) Edward (1860-1917), the german chemist and the biochemist. Transactionses on an organic chemistry. In 1897 has placed, that the spirit fermentation can descend in a cell-free yeastrel, i.e. without sharing integrated cells. This discovering has laid foundation to secretion and study of ferments. The Nobel Prize (1907).

BUHOLTS (Buchholtz) Andreas Genrih (1607-71), the german spiritual poet. Transpositions psalmov, the book " the Christmas ode " (1640).

BAY (a nem. Bucht), the part of a water reservoir isolated from open waters by cuttings of a coast or islands.

BUHTARMA, the river on Altai, dextral in-leak of Irtysh. 336 kms, the area of basin 12660 êì2. Average discharge of water 214 m3 / with. Driveable. Katernoe navigation.

BUHTARMINSKIE STONE MASONS, Russian settlers of 18-19 centuries (gornozavodskie peasants, old believers, sketchy convicts) in Buhtarminskom kr. Settled in unapproachable silence, were engaged in an agriculture. In 1790 voluntarily were subject to government, in 1878 are paid in peasants. The part of settlements, unknown to authorities, was saved before October revolution.

BUHTARMINSKY the EDGE, the historical title of terrain of southeast Altai (napr. The title the Stone) in a bass. Rivers Buhtarma and Narym (nowadays in the East Kazakhstan region. Kazakhstan). Pre-image Belovodja of Russian national legends. In 18 century it colonized buhtarminskimi with stone masons.

WATER RESERVOIR BUHTARMINSKOE, on r. Irtysh, in Vost. Kazakhstan. It is derivated by a dam of a like river plant. It is filled in in 1960-67. The area (with a backwater an eskar. Zaisan) 5490 êì2, water volume 49,6 êì3, length of 425 kms, an extreme breadth of 35 kms. Navigation. It is used for an irrigation. Fishery.

BUTSATTI (Buzzati) Dino (1906-72), the italian writer. In the novel " the Tatar desert " (1940; film "Desert Tatarii", 1976, italian producer V.Dzurlini), collections of stories " Seven gontsov " (1942), "Kolombr" (1966) has created the selfcontained irreal world (operational under laws of the organized nonsense), inhabited by heroes - captives of the idea, unfit to be entered in the conventional parameters of life.

BUTSEVICH Alexander Viktorovich (1849-85), one of chiefs of military organization of " National will ", the member of its Executive committee (with 1882), the lieutenant of fleet. The organizer narodovolcheskih military circles and dynamite workshop in Saint Petersburg. In 1883 it is sentenced to transportation for life. Has died in SHlisselburgskoj strengths.

BUTSER (Bucer or Butzer) Martin (1491-1551), the figure Protestant Reformatsii, originally the outlet box - black friar, then colleague Luther. With 1523 in Strasbourg, with 1549 in England, the professor in Cambridge. Has exerted influence Calvin (the doctrine about an eucharist and predetermining).

BUSH-HAMMER (frants. boucharde), a metal tetrahedral hammer which two striking surfaces are coated with pyramid-shaped barbs. It is applied by sculptors to a stone dressing.

BUCHACH, city on Ukraine, the Ternopol region. A depot. 13,3 thousand inhabitants (1991). Alimentary and other enterprises. It is known with 1397. A town hall (18 century).

BUCHACHENKO Anatoly Leonidovich (r. 1935), the Russian chemist, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1987). Probes on a physical chemistry of free radicals, magnetic - spin effects in chemical changes, chemical physics of destruction and stabilization of polymers. The lenin premium (1986), the State premium of the USSR (1977).

BUCHZHOUSHAN (a whale. neprolnaja a mountain), in the Chinese mythology a mountain bolstering the root. During its destruction the great deluge began.

BUCHMA Ambrose Maksimilianovich (1891-1957), the Ukrainian actor, the national actor of the USSR (1944). On the scene with 1905, with 1936 at the Ukrainian theatre him. Ex (Kiev). It was taken out in films: " the Night carrier ", "Unsubdued", etc. State premiums of the USSR (1941, 1949).