BUSHNOV Michael Ilyich (r. 1923), the Russian actor, the national actor of the USSR (1985). On the scene with 1951. With 1962 at the Rostov - na-Donu theatre of a drama him. M.Gorkogo.

BOWSPRIT (from English bowsprit), the horizontal or slope balk supporting a stem of a sailing vessel. Ministers primarily for fastening nose flags.

BUSHUEV Konstantin Davidovich (1914-78), the Russian scientist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1960), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1957). The main transactionses on applied dynamics, the failure theory. The Soviet technical director of design EPAS. The lenin premium (1960), State premiums of the USSR (1951, 1976).

BUENAVENTURA (Buenaventura), city and a main port of Columbia, on Quiet ok. 174 thousand inhabitants (1992). Manufacture of a tannin extract. It is based in 1540.

BUENOS-AJRES, capital of Argentina. In official borders - a federal metropolitan district. 2,96 million inhabitants (1991), with suburbs 11,8 million inhabitants. The largest traffic centre and seaport of country (freight turnover 20 million t annually). International airport Esejsa. The main industrial centre (over 50 % of cost of an industrial output of country). Machine-building, oil refining, chemical, mild, a food-processing industry. Underground railway. Universities. AN, the National historical museum, an ethnographic museum, etc. Opera theatre " Colon " - the largest in Latin America. It is based in 1536 (under other data, in 1535). With 1776 capital of a vice-kingdom La Plata, in 1816-26 - Consolidated provinces La Plata, with 1880 official capital of Republic Argentina. Churches of 18 century, ceremonial mains kon. 19-20 centuries.

BUENOS-AJRES (Buenos Aires), a province in Argentina. 307,8 thousand êì2. The population 12,2 million person (1986). Adm. ts. - La Plata.

BUJALSKY Ilya Vasiljevich (1789-1866), the Russian surgeon and the anatomist, one of founders of a topographical animal anatomy. Has created anatomichesko-surgical tables, has offered methods of operating treatment of vascular aneurysms, embalmings, freezings of corpses.

BUJANNEMEH Sonombalzhiryn (1902-37), the Mongolian writer. Plays and verses; the allegorical story " Golden rybki, ustremivshiesja in far edges " (1927); the story "Breeder Tovuudaj" (1936); literaturovedcheskie and art criticism activities.

BRAWLERS Roman Alekseevich (r. 1927), Russian fizikohimik, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1981). Transactionses on a catalysis, probe of properties of catalysts and the scientific bases of their preparation. The lenin premium (1960).

BHABHA X. Ä., see Skull cracker H.D.

BHAVACHAKRA (sanskr. A sprocket of Life), in the Buddhism submission about a continuous chain of degenerations.

BHAVNAGAR, city in the west India, a port on the Arabian m., pieces. Gujarat. 401 thousand inhabitants (1991). Textile, alimentary, a chemical industry. Bliz Bhavnagar - salt-making process.

BHAGA (sanskr. A lobe, the property), in vedijskoj mythologies the godhood giving a health. One of aditjev.

"BHAGAVADGITA", a monument of religious - philosophical idea Other. India, a part of 6-th book of "Mahabharata", has arisen in it is grey. 1-st thousand up to n. e., the philosophical basis induizma. The main way to "discharging" - mokshe in "Bhagavadgite" considers karma-yoga - the yoga of action including selfless performance of the responsibilities.

BHAGAVAT (sanskr. Blessed), in induizme an epithet of good godhoods, in particular Vishnu; in the Buddhism one of epithets of the Buddha.

BHAGAVATI (sanskr. Blessed), juzhnoindijskaja the goddess of diseases whom cajole victims.

BHAGAVATIZM, one of titles vishnuizma.

BHAGALPUR, city in eastern part of India, on r. Ganges, pieces. Bihar. 255 thousand inhabitants (1991). A thorough revision of agricultural production. SHelkovodchesky a research institute and an experimental station.

BHAJSHADZHJAGURU (sanskr. The doctor - teacher), in the Buddhism of a Mahajana one of budd, dwelling in paradise and istseljajushchy showers.

BHAKTI (sanskr., characters. - devotion, love to the god), religious flow in induizme; on his basis national sectarian motion bhakti in India, primarily in 12-17 centuries was advanced. Bhakti professed equality of people before the god, negated their division into castes. From bhakti it was formed sikhizm.