BOULANGERITE, mineral of a class of sulphides (subclass of the composite sulphides), Pb5Sb4S11. Impurity Cu, Fe, Zn. Needles, fibrous units, dense masses. Hardness 2,5-3; firmness ok. 6,0 g / sm3. Hydrothermal. Ore of lead.

BULANZHIZM, chauvinistic motion in France in kon. 80th of 19 century under slogans of revanchist war against Germany, revision of the republican constitution (1875) and dissolution of parliament; it was headed by general Z.Bulanzhe.

DAMASCENE (damascene) (from the persian. pulad - steel), molten carbon steel with peculiar structure and the figured surface, having high hardness and an elasticity. From a damascene produced a cold steel of exclusive steadfastness and a sharpness. It is mentioned still Aristotelem. The secret of manufacturing of the damascene, lost in Middle Ages, has uncovered in 19 century. P.P.Anosov.

DAMASCENE Alexander Mihajlovich (1793-1826), the decembrist, the colonel. The participant of Domestic war of 1812 and oversea marchings. The member of Boreal society. The participant of revolt 14.12.1825. Up to court has committed suicide.

DAMASCENE Mithat Sagatdinovich (r. 1907), the Uzbek architect, the historian of the architecture. The writer of a master plan of renovation of Tashkent (1952-54), administrative both public buildings in Tashkent and Samarkand.

BULAHOV Peter Petrovich (1822-85), the Russian composer and the teacher. The writer of popular romances and songs ("Three", " on ways sat major "). His father Peter Aleksandrovich (ok. 1793-1835) and the brother Paul Petrovich (1824-75) - opera singers.

BULAHOVSKY Leonid Arsenjevich (1888-1961), jazykoved, academician AN of Ukraine (1939), corresponding member AN the USSR (1946). Transactionses on problems of Russian and Ukrainian linguistics, Slavic philology, slavonic aktsentologii.

BULASHEVICH Jury Petrovich (r. 1911), Russian a geophysics, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1970). Transactionses on geophysical methods of investigation (primarily nuclear); developed the theory of neutron logging and a method of called polarization; probeed migration of actinogenic gases.

BULVER-LITTON (Bulwer-Lytton) Edward (1803-73), baron, the English writer. Roman from life of high society "Pelem" (t. 1-3, 1828), the historical novel " the Last days Pompeii " (1834), dramas ("Richelieu", 1839).

BULGAKOV Boris Vladimirovich (1900-52), the Russian scientist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1946). Transactionses on gyroscopic instruments, servo-mechanisms, theories of non-linear oscillations.

BULGAKOV Mihail Afanasjevich (1891-1940), the Russian writer. In the novel " White guards " (1925-27), plays " Days Turbinyh " (production in 1926), "Trot race" (1926-28, production in 1957) has shown tragical conflicts of duties of the Civil war and crash of " white motion ". Many products of the writer at life were not published. The story and stories: " Fatal eggs ", "Djavoliada" (both books 1925), " the Dog heart " (1925, it is published in 1987); " the Theatrical novel " (unfinished, 1936-37, it is published in 1965). In the novel " the Master and Margarita " (1929-40, it is published in 1966-67) - idea of perpetually opposition of moral and creative self-sacrifice to a satanic host, embodied in two temporary plans; in grotesquely figured modernity (with use of mythological figurativeness) and gospel scenes.

BULGAKOV Mihail Petrovich (metropolitan Macarius) (1816-82), the Russian historian, the academician Petersburg AN (1854). Transactionses " the History of Russian church " (t. 1-12).

BULGAKOV Feodor Iljich (1852-1908), the Russian journalist and the historian of art. " The art encyclopedia " (t. 1-2, 1886-87), the collection of biographies " our artists " (t. 1-2, 1889-90).

BULGAKOV Jacob Ivanovich (1743-1809), the Russian diplomat, the writer, translator; the honorary member Petersburg AN (1795). In 1781-89 extraordinary envoy and the minister plenipotentiary in Constantinople. Has achieved confession of apposition by Turkey to Russia of Crimea, Tamani and grounds on r. Kuban. With 1790 envoy in Warsaw.

BULGAKOV Majja Grigorjevna (1932-94), the Russian actress, the national actress of Russia (1976). Worked in Theatre - studio of a film actor. At kino with 1955. Most the considerable roles has played in films: " the Nasty joke " (1965), "Side panels" (1966), " On fire of ford no " (1967), " the Crime and punishment " (1969), "Farewell" (1981), "Evil spirit" (1991), in TV movies: "Gipsy", "Attorney", etc.

BULGAN, city in Mongolia, in a valley r. Orkhon, administrative centre Bulganskogo ajmaka. 11 thousand inhabitants. Mild, alimentary, a woodworking industry.

BULGANIN Nikolay Aleksandrovich (1895-1975), the political figure, the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1955), the general - colonel (1944 and with 1958); in 1947-1958 had a rank of Marshal of Soviet Union. With 1937 chairman SNK RSFSR, with 1938 vice-president SNK the USSR. With 1944 member of State Committee of the defence, with 1947 vice-president of Council of Ministers and it is simultaneous in 1947-49 minister for Armed forces, in 1953-55 Minister of Defence of the USSR. In 1955-58 chairman of Council of Ministers of the USSR, then on a fatigue.

BULGAR, see. Bolgar.