BULGARIA VOLZHSKO-KAMSKAJA, see Bulgarija Volzhsko-Kamskaja.

The BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, conducts a history with 1869; it is reorganized in 1949. Is in Sofia. In 1991 over 50 academies, over 80 corresponding members, over 90 foreign members; 10 exploratory and training centers (integrate scientific research institute and laboratories AN and the Sofia university and other a scientific institute).

BULGARIAN LEGIJA, military connections of the Bulgarian emigrants (1-n Bulgarian legija - ok. 500 person in 1861-62; 2-n - ok. 200 person in 1867-68), it is built in Belgrade with a goal of the struggle for discharging of Bulgaria of an osmanli yoke. Dissolved by the Serbian government.

The BULGARIAN BACILLUS, kind of lactic asid bacteria. It is applied to a leavening of milk which fast curdles under action of the Bulgarian bacillus at t 45-50 °C.

BULGARIAN AGRICULTURAL NATIONAL UNION (BZNS), is based in 1899. Outstanding figures - A.Stambolijsky, G.Trajkov, etc.

The BULGARIAN CRISIS 1885-87, exacerbation and breakage (1886) russko-Bulgarian attitudes in connection with antiRussian policy of government of S.Stambolova after overthrow of prince Alexander Battenberga. Support by Austria, the Great Britain and Germany Ferdinand Koburgskogo on the Bulgarian holy table promoted the Russian-French rendezvous.

The BULGARIAN NATIONAL BANK, issuing, credit and a financial settlements centre of Bulgaria. It is based in 1947. Executes also international payments.

The BULGARIAN FOLK THEATRE him. Ivan Vazova, drama, it is based in Sofia in 1904.

The BULGARIAN REVOLUTIONARY CENTRAL COMMITTEE, in 1869 (1870?)-1876 organization (V.Levsky, L.Karavelov, H.Botev, etc.), supervising national-liberation extirpation of Bulgarian people against a turkish yoke.

The BULGARIAN TONGUE, the official language of Bulgaria, falls into to slavonic tongues (juzhnoslavjanskaja group), included in indoevropejskuju family of tongues. The schedule slavonic (on the basis of cyrillics).

The BULGARIAN HOME GUARD, volunteer formation from bolgar in Russian army during russko-turkish war 1877-78 (all up to 15 thousand person; Russian general N.G.Stoletov) headed. Participat in breakages near Stara Zagora, on SHipke and at SHejnovo.

The BULGARIAN TELEGRAPHIC AGENCY, is based in 1898, Sofia.

BOLGARY, people, the main population of Bulgaria (7,85 million person). Live also on Ukraine (234 thousand person), Moldova (88 thousand person), the Russian Federation (32,8 thousand person) and other countries. An aggregate number 8,45 million person (1992). Tongue Bulgarian. Believers - basically orthodox, a part moslems - sunnity.

BOLGARY VOLZHSKO-KAMSKIE, see Bulgary Volzhsko-Kamskie.

BOLGRAD, city on Ukraine, the Odessa region, bliz zh.-d. An item. Bolgrad. 18,2 thousand inhabitants (1991). The flavoring enterprises, a clothing factory, mechanical-repair factory., etc. The Istoriko-study of local lore museum. It is based in 1821.

BOLDZHER (Bolger) James Brendan, (r. 1935), the prime minister of New Zealand with 1990. In 1975-84 and with 1990 on different portfolios. With 1986 leader of the National consignment Is new. Zealand.

BOLDINO (Major Boldino), village in the south of the Nizhniy Novgorod region, in 39 kms from zh.-d. An item. Uzhovka. 4,4 thousand inhabitants (1989). Boldino - former Nizhniy Novgorod manor Pushkinyh. A.S.Pushkin has conducted in Boldino three autumns, including well-known Boldinskuju autumn 1830. Museum - reservation Pushkin (with 1949), a museum " Votchinnaja office Pushkinyh ". Annual holidays of poetry.

BALDWIN (Baldwin) James Arthur (1924-1987), the Negro writer the USA. Lyrical prose with ekzistentsialistskimi motives about love as escape behavior from conformism and overcoming of loneliness (novels " Go, broadcast from a mountain ", 1953, " Other country ", 1962, " Say, for a long time l the train ", 1968, " Above the head " has left, 1979). Publicistic books (" Tomorrow - a fire ", 1963), an essayistics (" the Price of the ticket ", 1985), plays.

BALDWIN Stenli (1867-1947), the prime minister of the Great Britain in 1923-24, 1924-1929, 1935-37; the conservator. Baldwin government has suppressed a general strike 1926, has broken off diplomatic relations from the USSR (1927).

BOLDYREV Alexander Nikolaevich (r. 1909), the Russian orientalist, the Doctor of Philology. Transactionses are dedicated the Tadjik folklore, a history of the Tadjik and persian literatures, probes of the persian and Tadjik manuscripts.