SOLITARY MEN, poor, sometimes bezdvorovoe, the feodalno-dependent population in Russian state 15 - nach. 18 centuries. Bore the reduced feudal services. With introduction podushnoj podati are equal to peasants. Figuratively - become impoverished, homeless, lone people.

BOBYSHEV Dmitry Vasiljevich (r. 1936), the Russian poet. With 1979 in emigration the USA. In the poetry noted by saturated figurativeness and affluent associations, - religious experiences, spiritual finding actions, a theme of love. Collections of verses: " Beasts of St.. Anthony " (1989), etc.

BOBYSHOV Michael Pavlovich (1885-1964), the theatrical artist, the national artist of RSFSR (1961). The thin feeling of style and the decorative grafichnost (ballet " the Copper rider " Gliera at the Leningrad theatre of opera and ballet by him. Kirov, 1949).

BOVE (Bovet) Daniele (1907-1992), the italian pharmacologist. Probeed interrelation of structure of medicinal preparations with their pharmacological activity. One of first probeed antihistamine drugs. Has discovered synthetic connections with curariform action. The Nobel Prize (1957).

BOVE the Russian architect Has got hoarse Ivanovich (1784-1834). The representative of an empire style. The chief architect of the Commission for restoration of Moscow after a fire 1812. With the participation Bove the Red square (1815) is renovated, the Theatrical square with Major theatre (1821-24), Aleksandrovsky a garden (1820-22), the Triumphal arch (1827-34), 1-n Town hospital (1828-32) is built.

BOVERI (Boveri) Teodor (1862-1915), the german cytologist and the embryologist, foreign corresponding member Petersburg AN (1906). Probeed changes of intracellular structures during a cell division, ripening of sexual cells, fertilization and a precocious development of a germ. Has put forward (together with K.Rablem) the theory " individualities of chromosomes " (has underlain the chromosome theory of a heredity).

BOVIN Alexander Evgenjevich (r. 1930), the Russian journalist - foreign affairs specialist, the diplomat. In 1972-91 political analyst of the newspaper of "Information". In 1991-97 - a salting in Israel. The state premium of the USSR.

BOVT Violetta Trofimovna (1927-1995), the actress of ballet, the national actress of the USSR (1970). In 1944-86 at the Musical theatre him. Stanislavsky and Nemirovich - Danchenko.

BOVUAR (Beauvoir) Simon de (1908-86), the French writer. Wi Z.P.Sartra. In novel "Gostja" (1943) - ekzistentsialistskie ideas of absurdity of the world. Roman "Mandarins" (1954) about post-war life of France. The book about intellectual emancipation of women " the Second floor " (1949). The story " Charming a picture " (1966). The autobiographical trilogy (1958-63). Plays.

The GOD, in religious convictions a supernatural entity; in mythological submissions of polytheism each of gods has a supreme authority above any part of the world whole, in theism the one God posesses an absolute authority above the world ("omnipotence"). Faith in God - the basis of any religion.

ALMS-HOUSE, in Russia up to 1917 asylum for aging and invalids. Figuratively, ironical - about any establishment, organization, where many stagnant and unfit people.

BOGAEVSKY Afrikan Petrovich (1872/73-1934), the Russian general - lieutenant (1918). In 1918-19 chairman of " the Don government "; since February 1919 ataman Signals Commands Don; with 1920 emigrant.

BOGAEVSKY Konstantin Fedorovich (1872-1943), the painter, the honored worker of arts of Russia (1933). 16-17 centuries stylized spirit of a classical "heroic" landscape kinds Vost. Crimea, the decorative industrial landscapes ("Dneprostroj", 1930).

BOGAZ (the turki., characters. - a throat), the title of pass, a channel in Compare. Asia, Azerbaijan.

BOGAZKEJ (Bogazkoy), city bliz Ankara (Turkey), near which - residues Hattusasa; strengthening, palaces, Bogazkejsky archive.

BOGAZKEJSKY the ARCHIVE, is retrieved at-sight hettskoj capitals of. Hattusas (sovr. Bogazkej, Turkey) expedition of german scientist G.Vinklera in 1906. Documents: the imperial annals, chronicles, decrees, religious texts, etc. (over 15 thousand clay cuneiform "tablets") on hettskom, akkadskom and other tongues. Concern primarily to 14-13 centuries up to n. e.

RAIN CROP (from the persian. behar - spring), grounds in a zone of an irrigation farming on which agricultural crops cultivate without watering.

BOGARNE (Beauharnais) ZHozefina (1763-1814), the first wife (1796-1809) Napoleons I. was earlier married to general A.Bogarne (it is accused of change and in 1794 under the sentence of the Revolutionary tribunal is executed).