GALI, city (with 1932) in Georgia, Abkhazia. A depot. 15,7 thousand inhabitants (1991). A tea family of factory, efirnomaslichnyj factory. Theatre. A study of local lore museum.

GALI Butros (r. 1922), the secretary general of the United Nations (1992-96). In 1977-90 Minister for Foreign Affairs of Egypt. In 1991 deputy of the prime minister on international problems. The foreign member of the Russian Academy of Science (1994).

GALI Musa (Gabdrahman Galievich Galiev) (r. 1923), the Bashkir writer. Romanticheski elevated, internationalist verses on spirit and poems in collections " Started ways " (1954), " the Earth does not sleep " (1969), " Far lightnings " (1983), " Tongue of love " (1984); verses for children. The book of publicism and criticism " Flowers and asters " (the separate issuing 1981).

GALIB Mirza Asadulla-khan (1797-1869), the indian poet. Wrote on farsi and a urda. His humanistic verses have linked classical poetry to the modern. Philological and historical transactionses.

GALIKARNASSKY the MAUSOLEUM, one of " seven miracles of light "; a monumental tomb of tsar Mavsola. It is constructed in it is grey. 4 century up to n. e. In Galikarnase (nowadays in terrain of Turkey).

GALILEI (Galilei) Galileo (1564-1642), the italian scientist, one of osnovatelej precise natural sciences. Struggled against scholasticism, considered as the basis of knowledge experience. Has put in pawn a fundamentals of the modern mechanics: has put forward idea about a relativity of motion, has placed laws of inertia, free fall and motion of bodies on a ramp, composition of motions; has discovered an isochronism of oscillations of a floating lever; first probeed toughness of beams. Has constructed a telescope with 32-fold increase and has discovered mountains on moon, 4 guides of the Jove, phases for Venus, a stain on the Sun. Awakely shadowed heliocentric world system, for what have been subjected to court of the inquisition (1633) forcing it to renounce the doctrine of N.Kopernik. Up to the extremity of life Galilei was considered as " the prisoner of inquisition " and has been forced to live on country house Archetri bliz Florence. In 1992 dad John Pavel II has declared a court decision of inquisition error and has rehabilitated Galilei.

GALILEI (grech. Galilaia, other - evr. Galil), historical range in the Sowing. To Palestine.

GALILEI of TRANSFORMATION, transformation of coordinates in Newtonian classical mechanics at transition from one inertial system of readout to other (time in all inertial reference systems is considered equal).

GALILEI the RELATIVITY in classical mechanics of the Newton, establishes, that in all inertial systems of readout any mechanical process weeps equally (at equal initial conditions).

GALIMBAEVA Ajsha Garifovna (r. 1917/18), the Kazakh painter and the artist of kino, the national artist of Kazakhstan (1967). The first kazashka-artist. Modes of Kazakh women.

GALIMOV Eric Mihajlovich (1936), the Russian geochemist, the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1994). The main transactionses on izotopno-geochemical study of an organic substance and mathematical modelling of evolution of settling ponds.

GALIN Alexander Mihajlovich (r. 1947), the Russian playwright. The first play "Wall" is written in 1975 (it is put in 1987). In plays "Retro", " Eastern tribune " (both 1980), "Delusion" (1983), "ZHanna" (1985), "Librarian" (1988), etc., combining humour and tragic element, reverts to socially significant problems. The collection of "Play" (1989).

GALIN Lev Aleksandrovich (1912-81), the Russian scientist, corresponding member AN the USSR (1953). The main transactionses under the elastic theory. The state premium of the USSR (1986, posthumously).

GALION, an arcaded spanish and Portuguese military three-mast sailing vessel. Displacement 1550 t, arms up to 100 instruments; strengthened order of soldiers (up to 500 person).

GALISIJSKY TONGUE, falls into to Romanesque group indoevropejskoj families of tongues. The official language (alongside with spanish) Galicia. Writing on the basis of the latin alphabet.

GALISIJTSY (the self-title - galjego), people in Spain, the main population of Galicia (3,15 million person). Live also in Argentina, Brazil and other countries of America. An aggregate number 4,2 million person (1992). Tongue galisijsky. Believers - roman catholics.

GALICIA (Galicia), autonomous region in Spain, for Atlantic ok. 29,4 thousand êì2. The population 2,8 million person (1992). Main city - Santiago de Compostela. Corunna, Lugo, Orense, Pontevedra actuates provinces.

HALITE (from grech. hals - salt) (a rock salt, a common salt), a mineral of subclass of chlorides, NaCl. Colourless, white, yellow, blue crystals; more often crystalline aggregates. Hardness 2; firmness of 2,2 g / sm3. It is of good solubility in water. By origin hemogennyj. It is applied in a food-processing industry, metallurgy, etc.

HALIFAX (Halifax), city in Canada, a port on Atlantic ok., an administrative centre prov. Nova Scotia. 114 thousand inhabitants (1991). Sudo-and an autostructure, an oil refining, fish canning industry. A port capacity over 10 million t annually. 2 universities.

HALIFAX (Halifaks) (Halifax) Edward Frederik Wood (1881-1969), one of leaders of the Conservative party of the Great Britain. With 1922 on state posts. In 1926-31 viceroy of India (combined reprisals with the constitutional manoeuvres). In 1938-40 Minister for Foreign Affairs; the appeaser of fascist aggressors.