GEJNSBORO (Gainsborough) Thomas (1727-1788), the English painter. Full spirituality and lyricism portraits (" the Light-blue boy ", ok. 1770; " Morning walk ", 1785) and landscapes (" the Cart with harvestmen ", ok. 1771) differ masterly ease and lightness of painting.

GEJROVSKY (Heyrovsky) JAroslav (1890-1967), the Czech chemist, foreign member AN the USSR (1966). Has created a polarography, has constructed (1925, together with Japanese scientist M.Shikatoj) the first polarograph. The Nobel Prize (1959).

GEJSMAN (with 1916 - Gejsmans) Platon Aleksandrovich (1853-1919), the Russian military historian and the theorist, the general from infanterii (1913). The participant of russko-turkish war 1877-78. With 1892 professor of a military history in Academy of the General Staff. In 1907-1917 commanded a division, a body, a troops Kazan IN. With 1918 privat-senior lecturer of Petrograd university. Transactionses on a history of military art, the Joint Staff, russko-turkish war 1877-78, on probe of tactics of mass armies, etc.

GEJSY, in irish tradition a stem tabu, peculiar interdictions and the pledges lied on separate persons. Gejsy had personal character: napr., hero Kuhulin should not try meat of a dog, has been obliged to not deny assistance to any woman, to be valid to the word and so forth.

GEJTEPE (up to 1992 Prishib), city (with 1967) in Azerbaijan, on Lenkoranskoj nizm., bliz zh.-d. An item. Masally. 10,1 thousand inhabitants (1989). The flavoring enterprises, auto-repair factory.

GEITONOGAMY (from grech. geiton - the neighbour and gamos - spoilage), an allogamy at which pollen of one flower is tolerated on a stigma other, located on the same plant (napr., for carrot).

GATES (Gates) William (Bill) of a Henry (r. 1955), the American businessman and the inventor in range of electronic - computer facilities, has not received regular education. One of osnovatelej corporations " Microsoft " (1975) and the creator of an operating system of the MS DOS used in Aj-Bi-Em (IBM) compatible computers.

GEJTSKELL (Gaitskell) Hju Todd Nejlor (1906-63), the leader of the Labour party of the Great Britain with 1955 (belonged to its dextral side panel). 1957 vice-chairman Socialist internatsionala. In 1947-51 in government.

GATESHEAD (Gateshead), city and a port in the Great Britain, in England. 203 thousand inhabitants (1991, with suburbs). A machine industry, sewing, rubber, a food-processing industry.

GEJCHENKO Seeds Stepanovich (1903-93), the Russian writer, the director of State museum - reservation of A.S.Pushkin "Mihajlovskoe" (1945-89), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1983). Books: " For a curved seashore " (4 issuing, 1981), "Pushkinogorje" (1981), " Heart I abandon to you " (1983).

The GEISHA (japon. gejsja), in Japan the professional dancer, the singer, muzykantsha, entertaining visitors of a tea family of cabins or visitors on methods and serving them.

GEKATA, in the Grecian mythology the patroness of night evil spirits, diablery. It was identified with the goddess of moon Selenoj, the goddess of underground kingdom Persefonoj, goddess Artemis. It was figured with a plume in arms, often with snakes in a hair (sometimes trehlikoj).

GEKATEJ MILETSKY (ok. 546-480 up to n. e.), the ancient greek historian, the geographer. Writer "Zemleopisanija" (has reached in fragments) - one of the first activities of regional geographic character - and "Genealogy" (fragments were saved), keeping the Grecian myths and legends.

HECATOMB (from grech. hekaton - hundred and bus - the bull), in Other. Greeces the immolation originally comprising of 100 bulls; afterwards any considerable public immolation called as hecatomb. Figuratively - huge victims of war, a terror, epidemy, etc.

GEKATONHEJRY (grech. storukie), storukie and pjatidesjatigolovye giants (Briarej, Kott, Gies), causings of Uranus and Gays. Olympic gods have won titaniums only with the help gekatonhejrov.

HEXAMETER (from grech. hexametros - six-foot), a meter antique epicheskoj poetry: a six-foot dactyl in which the first 4 autopodiums can be changed spondejami (in sillabo-tonic imitations of a hexameter - choreas). V.K.Trediakovskim is entered into Russian poetry and then by N.I.Gnedichem and V.A.Zhukovskim.

GEKKEL (Haeckel) Ernest (1834-1919), the german biologist - evolutionist, the representative of natural-science materialism, the adherent and the propagandist of the doctrine C.Darvina. The writer of known books " General structural botany of organisms " (t. 1-2, 1866), " World riddles " (1899), etc. Has offered first " parentage drevo " fauna, the theory of an origin multicellular; has formulated a biogenetical law.

GEKKER (Hekker) (Hecker) Fridrih (1811-1881), the german democrat; during Revolution 1848-49 supported professing Germany by democratic republic, was one of chiefs of republican revolt in Baden (April 1848); during the Civil war in the USA 1861-65 colonel of army of northerners.

GEKKONY (tsepkopalye), a set of lizards. Length up to 30 see. St. 700 kinds, it is routine in tropics and subtropics; 10 kinds, primarily in flat ranges Compare. Asia and JUzh. Kazakhstan, from them 8 are guarded.