GERSEVANOV Nikolay Mihajlovich (1879-1950), the Russian scientist, the founder of scientific school in range of a ground mechanics, corresponding member AN the USSR (1939). Son M.N.Gersevanova. Transactionses on an applied mathematics. The state premium of the USSR (1948).

GERSOPPA, a cataract in Zap. Ghats, in India, on r. SHaravati. 4 cascades a total height of 252 m. A river plant.

GERSTER (Gerster) Otmar (1897-1969), the german composer. Operas " Madams Lizelotta " (1933), "Enoch Arden" (1936), " the Witch from Passau " (1941), ballet " the Perpetually circle " (1939), tool products.

GERSTNER (Gerstner) Frantishek Joseph (1756-1832), the Czech engineer. Has based a polytechnical school in Prague (1806). The writer " Guidings on mechanics " (hours 1-3, 1831-34).

GERTGEN THAT SINT-JANS (Geertgen tot Sint Jans) (between 1460 and 1465 - up to 1495), the Netherlands painter. Developed principles of the Netherlands painting of Revitalization. Introducing to religious compositions concrete genre and landscape motives, allotted the person and a nature with lyrical feeling (" John the Baptist in desert ").

GERTIN (Girtin) Thomas (1775-1802), the English artist, one of given away English aquarellists kon. 18 century, friend Turner. In the landscape water colours saved a clear field of a paper, than achieved special an air transparency and an impression of instantaneously plump activity.

GERTRUDA (Gertrud) Great (1256 - ok. 1302), german mistik. About five flying in a monastery in Helfte (Thuringia). Its visions have preformed a roman catholic cult of St.. Heart of Jesus. Memory in the Latin church on November, 17.

GERU Ï., see to Ayr Item.

GERUSIJA (grech. gerusia, from geron - the elder), in the ancient greek cities - states (predominary with an aristocratic formation) the maximum state organ - advice of elders.

GERHARDSEN (Gerhardsen) Ejnar Henri (1897-1987), one of leaders of the Norwegian Social Democrats (in 1936-45 secretary of central board of the Norwegian working consignment, in 1945-65 its chairman); in 1945-51, 1955-65 (with a rest) the prime minister.

GERHART the LEYDEN (a background Leiden; Lejen) (Gerhaert von Leyen) Nikolaus (worked 1462/66-73/78), german (or, probably, Netherlands) the sculptor. It is close to aged Gothic tradition. Baden Baden, Strasbourg, Vienna worked in Trier. For portraits are characteristic realistic, psychologic acute treatment of modes. Gravestones of archbishop background Zirka (1462, Trier) and Fridriha III (the Cathedral over. SHtefana, Vienna).

GERHART (Gerhardt) Paul (1607-76), the german lutheran poet. The writer of evangelic canticles " Church chorals " (1667), many of which are set to music by I.S.Bahom.

The HERTZ, unit of frequency of a SI and C.G.S. of a system of units, is meant Hz. It is called in honour Genriha of a Hertz. 1 Hz - frequency of batch process at which during 1 with there is one cycle of process. Aliquot units from a Hertz - kilohertz (1 kGts = 103 Hz), a megacycle (1 MHz = 106 Hz) are widely applied, etc.

HERTZ (Herts) (Hertz) Genrih Rudolf (1857-1894), german physics, one of founders of an electrodynamics. Experimentally has proved (1886-89) existence of electromagnetic waves (using a Hertz douplet) and has placed identity of key properties electromagnetic and light waves. Has given Maxwell equations a symmetrical form. Has discovered photoelectric effect (1887). Has constructed mechanics, loose from concept of force.

HERTZ Gustav (1887-1975), german physics, foreign member AN the USSR (1958). In 1945-54 worked in the USSR. Nephew Genriha of a Hertz. Probeed crashes of electrons with atoms (experience of Franc - a Hertz, 1913). Has developed diffused process of an isotope separation. The Nobel Prize (1925, together with Dzh. Franc), the State premium of the USSR (1951).

HERTZ, city on Ukraine, Chernovtsy region, bliz zh.-d. An item. Novoselitsa. 2,4 thousand inhabitants (1991). A SHvejno-notions production association "Prut". It is known with 1408.

HERTZ the VIBRATOR, a plain aerial by the way a rod with metal spheres on the cleaning cloth in which breakage (spark gap) the source of electrical oscillations (napr is included., a Ruhmkorff coil). G.Gertsem (1888) in the experiences confirming existence of electromagnetic waves was used.

GERTSBERG Ã., see Hertsberg.

The GERTSEGOVINSKO-BOSNIAN REVOLT 1875-78, in Herzegovina and Bosnia, against an osmanli press. It backed by sociability (money and material aid, volunteers) Russia, Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Italy. Rising have achieved the considerable military successes. As a result of a defeat of Turkey in war 1877-78 with Russia Bosnia and Herzegovina have received an autonomy, but under the solution of the Berlin congress 1878 have been occupied by Austria-Hungary.

GERTSEN Alexander Ivanovich (1812-70), the Russian revolutionary, the writer, the philosopher. The illegitimate son of affluent landowner I.A.Jakovleva. Has ended the Moscow university (1833) where together with N.P.Ogarevym headed a revolutionary circle. In 1834 it arrested, 6 flying has conducted in the reference. It was typed with 1836 under alias Iskander. With 1842 in Moscow, the chapter of the left-handed wing of Westerners. In philosophical transactionses " Diletantizm in science " (1843), " Letters on study of a nature " (1845-46), etc. were asserted by the union of philosophy with natural sciences. It is acute criticized krepostnichesky build in the novel " who it is guilty? " (1841-46), stories " the Doctor of Croups " (1847) and "Magpie - vorovka" (1848). With 1847 in emigration. After a defeat of european revolutions 1848-49 it was disappointed in revolutionary capabilities of the West and has developed the theory of " Russian socialism ", having become one of founders of populism. In 1853 has based in the London the Free Russian printing house. Of the newspaper "Alloying basket" convicted the Russian autocracy, led revolutionary propagation, demanded discharging peasants with ground. In 1861 has supported revolutionary democracy, promoted building " the Earth and will ", supported Polish revolt 1863-64. Has died in Paris, a tomb in Nice. The autobiographical composition " Was and a duma " (1852-68) - one of masterpieces memuarnoj literatures.