HAMEL Joseph Hristianovich (1788-1862), the Russian technologist and the mechanics, the academician Petersburg AN (1829). Has conducted examination of factories and factories of Russia. Has published in 1826 " the Description of the Tula small-arms factory in historical and technical attitude " where has stated himiko-manufacturing method of machining of metals, and in 1833 - " the History of iron manufacture in Russia ". The writer of numerous activities on a history of technique, and also on a history political and trade relations of Russia and England in 16 and 17 centuries.

GAMZAT-BEK (1789-1834), the second imam Dagestan and the Chechen Republic (with 1832). A follower mjuridizma. It is killed by conspirators.

GAMZATOV Gadzhi Gamzatovich (r. 1926), the avarian literary critic, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR, 1984). Writes in Russian. Articles and monographies about literatures of Dagestan, on problems of their development and an intercoupling.

GAMZATOV Rasul Gamzatovich (r. 1923), the avarian poet, the national poet of Dagestan (1959), the Hero Socialist Transactionses (1974). Son G.Tsadasy. Poetic collections " Year of my birth " (1950; the State premium of the USSR, 1952), " High asters " (1962; the Lenin premium, 1963), "Pismena" (1963), " Are legible a flying " (1968), " For the locus " (1978), " the Island of women " (1983), " the Sprocket of life " (1987), the lyrical story " Wash Dagestan " (kn. 1-2, 1967-71). Poetry Gamzatova civilization, lyricism, tendency to filosofichnosti and distinguish aphoristic natures, national - folklore colour.

To GAMSA Zelman Markovich (1909-65), the Russian engineer - gidromashinostroitel. Transactionses in range of the "know-how" of water-wheels. The lenin premium (1959). The state premium of the USSR (1946, 1950).

GAMILKAR the BARK (Hamilcar Barca) (?-229 up to n. e.), karfagensky the commander. Father Gannibala. In 1-st Punic war has gained in 247-241 number of victories above Romans in Sicily. In 237-229 has conquered a southwest part of Spain.

HAMILTON, city in New Zealand, on about. Boreal. 101 thousand inhabitants (1991). A machine industry, sawing, a food-processing industry. University.

HAMILTON, city and a port in Canada, on an eskar. Ontario. 600 thousand inhabitants (1991, with suburbs). The large industrial and cultural centre. A traffic centre; a port capacity 15 million t annually. An international airport. Center of iron and steel industry (ok. 1/2 smelted in country of steel); a machine industry, chemical, a food-processing industry. University. Art passageway and other museums. A royal botanical garden.

HAMILTON, city, a main port and an administrative centre of the British possession Bermudian islands. St. 1,6 thousand inhabitants.

HAMILTON (Hamilton) Alexander (1755 or 1757-1804), the leader of a consignment of federalists with 1789, in 1789-95 Minister of Finance the USA in government Dzh. Washington, his secretary during War for independence in the Sowing. To America 1775-83.

HAMILTON (Hamilton) Antoine (1646-1720), the French writer of the Scottish origin. The writer of the istoriko-psychologic novel " Memoirs the column de Gramona " (1713).

HAMILTON (Hamilton) Gevin (1723-98), the Scottish painter. Studied in Glasgow, some time worked in Rome where entered in circle Mengsa and Vinkelmana. One of the first representatives of neo-classicism in painting; imitated manner Pussena.

HAMILTON (Hamilton) Richard (r .1922), the English painter, the representative of pop art and neo-realism. In 1950 has based " Independent group ".

HAMILTON William Rouan (1805-65), irish mathematician, foreign corresponding member Petersburg AN (1837). Has given a precise formal exposition of the theory of complex numbers. Has constructed system of figures - quaternions. In mechanics has given a general principle of least action.

GAMKRELIDZE Revaz Valerianovich (r. 1927), the Georgian mathematician, academician AN of Georgia (1969), corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1981). Brother T.V.Gamkrelidze. Transactionses under the mathematical theory of optimal processes. The lenin premium (1962).

GAMKRELIDZE Tamaz Valerianovich (r. 1929), Georgian and Russian jazykoved, academician AN of Georgia (1974), the academician of the Russian Academy of Science (1991; academician AN the USSR with 1984). Brother R.V.Gamkrelidze. The main transactionses in range kartvelskogo linguistics, indoevropeistiki, semitologii. The lenin premium (1988).