HELIOPOLIS, see. Baalbek.

GELIOS (Helium), in the Grecian mythology the god of the Sun. To him there corresponds Roman Salt.

HELIOSTAT (from gelio... And... stat), the auxiliary astronomical instrument keeping a flat mirror, transposed so, that reflected him sun rays save a direction parallel a shaft of the world. It is used in a number of solar telescopes.

HELIATION (from gelio... And... Therapy) (heliotherapy), treatment and prophylactic use of direct radiance of the Sun (t. n. Sun baths). It is carried out routinely simultaneously with air baths and hydrotherapeutic procedures with the purpose of quenching an organism and as a method of treatment of some diseases of a leather, vnelegochnyh forms of a tuberculosis, etc. (only as required the doctor and it is strictly dosed).

GELIOTERMY (from gelio... And terms), natural or artificially created open basins hloridnyh sodium waters with heightened in low layer concentration salt also in temperature (38-40 oÑ). Render quenching action, train cardiovascular system, are applied as a medical method at diseases of a locomotorium.

HELIOTECHNICS (from gelio... And technique), the branch of technique enveloping fundamental theory, rules of thumb and means of transformation of power of a sunshine in power of other kinds, convenient for practical use. Most expediently also is long-range to use a means of heliotechnics for power supply maloenergoemkih the dispersed consumers, predominary in areas with the considerable sunshine, and also in cosmos.

HELIOTROPE (from gelio... And grech. tropos - turning movement, a direction), in a geodesy - the device, a main body - a flat mirror which reflects sun rays from one geodetic station to other at a triangulation.

HELIOTROPE, mineral, green with red spots a version of a chalcedony. An ornamental stone.

HELIOTROPE, stem of bushes, subshrubs and grasses of a set of a borage family. Ok. 220 kinds, primarily in tropics and subtropics; ok. 20 kinds in Compare. Asia, on dry downslopes, solonchaks, weedy places. Contain the heliotropin used in perfumery.

HELIOTROPISM (from gelio... And a tropism), motions of organs of plants under influence of a sun light (napr., anthodiums of sunflower); a particular case of phototropism.

HELIOTROPIN (piperonal), colourless crystals, tïë 36,5-37,0 °S. It is contained in vanilla beans, flowers of a heliotrope and a lilac. It is received sinteticheski. Odorous substance in perfumery and a food-processing industry.

HELIOTROPIC DISEASE, food poisoning at the use of bread or other items from a flour keeping an impurity of a weed of a heliotrope opushennoplodnogo. The hepatitis, a splenomegaly, an ascites, a hemorrhagic diathesis develop.

HELIO - INSTALLATION, transcriber of power of a sunshine in other, convenient for use kinds of power (napr., thermal, electrical). Helio - installations apply to calefaction and refrigerating of water and air, ring-shaped crackers of vegetables and fruits, desalinations, electricity production and in other purposes. Helio - installations are non-polluting sources of iterated power. In many countries alongside with trial the helio - installations made serially act.

HELIOPHYTES (from gelio... And grech. phyton - a plant), light demanders of solar localities: a pine, a birch, an oak, many cereals, etc.

The HELIOCENTRIC WORLD SYSTEM, arisen in Renaissance (N.Kopernik) submission about a structure of the Solar system: the Sun - a central body around of which planets revert. The heliocentric world system has replaced submission about the Earth as the centre of universe (see. The geocentric conception of the world), that had fundamental value for development of natural sciences.

HELIOCENTRIC COORDINATES, the coordinates defining a rule of heavenly bodies concerning the centre of the Sun.

GELIEJA (grech. heliaia), in Other. Athenes one of the supreme bodies of an authority, since 5 century up to n. e. Considered both private, and state affairs, monitored activity of the maximum officials, asserted the laws adopted by public assembly. Gelieja comprised of 6 thousand person.

GELLER Efim Petrovich (r. 1925), the Russian chess player, the international grandmaster (1952), the deserved master of sport (1952) and the deserved trainer of the USSR (1965). The checkrow theorist. The champion of the USSR (1955 and 1979). The participant of many competitions on superiority of the world (1952-82), including pretendentskih matches (1965-71). The winner of 7 World checkrow Olympic (in 1952-80) in structure of a combined team of the USSR. The winner from above 20 large international tournaments, including in SHCHavno-Zdruj (1957), Bevervejke (1965), Vejk-an-Zee (1969 and 1977). The world champion among "seigneurs" (1992). The writer of the book " Còàðîèíäèéñêàÿ protection " (1980).

GELLERT (Gellert) Christian Fjurhtegott (1715-69), the german writer. Religious educational moralism in " Basnjah and stories " (1746-48), " Spiritual odes and songs " (1757).