The UPPER MANTLE, environment of the Earth, underlying earth crust from Mohorovichicha surfaces up to depth ok. 900 kms. It is combined, presumably, pirolitom, in part eklogitom, in the upper mantle secrete an astenosphere and Golitsyn a layer. In the upper mantle processes to which are connected tectonic, magmatic and metamorphic the phenomena in earth crust develop.

The UPPER PYSHMA, city (with 1946) in the Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg region, in 13 kms from Ekaterinburg. 54,1 thousand inhabitants (1992). Nonferrous machine industry. Factories: himreaktivov, welded machine-building designs, a nursery metal toy, etc. Production of copper ore.

UPPER SALDA, city (with 1938) in the Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg region, on r. Salda. A depot. 55.1 thousand inhabitants (1992). Metal-working and an iron and steel industry. It is based in 1760.

UPPER TAJMYRA, the river on p-ove Tajmyr. 567 kms., the area of basin of 50,4 thousand êì2. Average discharge of water ok. 430 m3 / with. Runs into an eskar. Tajmyr.

UPPER TUNGUSKA, the former title r. Angara in the lower flow.

UPPER MOUNTAIN GOAT, city (with 1941) in the Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg region, in verhovjah r. Tours. A depot (Upper). 13,3 thousand inhabitants (1992). Machine works. It is based in 1737.

SUPREME ADMINISTRATIVE COMMISSION on ohraneniju the state order and public peace, an extraordinary state organ in Russia in February - August 1880. It is built for extirpation with revolutionary movement. The chairman - M.T.Loris-Melikov.

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS (Supreme Command), the supreme body of a strategic guiding of armed forces of the state (a coalition of the states), created routinely in a wartime and headed by Supreme commander in chief (Supreme commanding). Within Great Domestic war the General headquarters of Armed forces of the USSR was referred to as the Rate of General headquarters.

SUPREME COMMANDER IN CHIEF (Supreme commanding), the boss of armed forces of the state (as a rule the chief of state).

The SUPREME COURT, the maximum court of justice of the state heading the judiciary. Considers actions of proceeding of exclusive importance and is the higher authority for all other courts of the state.

The SUPREME PRIVY COUNCIL, the maximum consultative official body of Russia in 1726-30 (7-8 person). It is built by Ekaterina I as the deliberative body, actually decided the major state problems. Attempted to limit autocracy in the favour, but dissolved by the empress Anna Ivanovnoj.

SUPREME CROWN PROSECUTION SERVICE, the maximum extraordinary court of justice of Russian empire. There was for realization of political processes of decembrists (1826), D.V.Karakozova (1866), A.K.Solovjeva (1879), etc. About 1906 court of justice, considered large criminal cases as 1-n the degree of jurisdiction.

The TOP WATER, the non-ramming underground waters nearest to a surface which are not having solid distribution; periodically collect and then peter at the expense of vaporization or overflow in more steep horizons.

VERHOVSKIE PRINCIPALITIES, old russian, in verhovjah Oka: Belevskoe, Vorotynskoe, Mezetskoe, Novosilskoe, Odoevskoe; in 12-13 centuries destinies of the Chernigov principality, with kon. 14 century sluzhilye destinies of the Great principality Lithuanian, with kon. 15 century - Russian state. Are liquidated to the last third of 16 century.

VERHOVSKY Alexander Ivanovich (1886-1938), the Russian military historian, kombrig (1936). In September - October of 1917 military minister, the general - major (1917). With 1919 in Red Army, with 1921 on teaching activity. Transactionses on tactics and a military history. It is repressed; it is rehabilitated posthumously.

VERHOVTSEVO, city (with 1956) on Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk region. A railway junction. 11,1 thousand inhabitants (1991). The enterprises of a railway transport.

VERHOLENSKAJA the REFERENCE, in Russia a place criminal and political (with 2-nd chetv. 19 century) references to terrains Verholenskogo of district Irkutsk lips. Decembrists, participants of Polish revolts 1830-31 and 1863-64, populists, Social Democrats left.

VERHOTURE, city in the Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg region, on r. Tours. A depot. 9 thousand inhabitants (1992). Wood-working, a woodchemical industry; manufacture of skates. It is based in 1518 as gaffs, at-sight mansijskogo settlements.

VERHOJANO-CHUKCHI WRINKLED RANGE, range of a Mesozoic ripple mark on north-east of the Russian Federation. Actuates the Verhojano-Kolyma and Anjujsko-Chukchi wrinkled systems, Kolyma and Omolonsky middle masses.