VEND, the uppermost stratum subdividing of a Proterozoic directly precedent to the lower Cambrian period. Vend means a complex of rocks and a time slice of their education (570-680 million flying back). B.S.Sokolovym in 1950 is secured, traced on all continents.

VENDA (the self-title - bavenda), people of group to a bow in the republic of South Africa (910 thousand person) and Zimbabwe (320 thousand person, 1992). Protesters believing main, are adherents of traditional and syncretic cults.

VENDEN, the official title of. TSesis in Latvia up to 1917.

VENDERS (Wenders) Wim (r. 1945), the german film critic, the scripter, the producer, the producer. One of leaders t. n. " Pullet german kino " which films were repeatedly marked by premiums of international film festivals (" Pavor of the goalkeeper before odinnadtsatimetrovym ", 1972; " Alisa in cities ", 1974; "With the course of time", 1977; " the Root above Berlin ", 1987; " So it is far, so it is close ", 1993.) Aspiring to updating film-tongue, reverted to classical Hollywood kino. Under aegis F.-F. Coppolas has delivered a cycle of the "American" films: "Hemmet", 1982; " Paris - Texas ", 1985 (" the Golden palm branch " Cannes film festival), etc.

VENDETTA (ital. vendetta - revenging), custom of blood feud on islands Sardinia and Corsica.

VENDSKAJA the MANDATORY POWER, the state polabskih slavs and pomorjan in 40th of 11 century - 1-st thirds of 12 century led by bodrichami.

VENEV, city (with 1777) in the Russian Federation, the Tula region. A depot. 14,8 thousand inhabitants (1992). Factory of diamond tool. It is known with 1400. Bliz Veneva - production of brown coal.

VENEVITINOV Dmitry Vladimirovich (1805-27), the Russian poet. The romantic poetry is packed with philosophical motives in spirit shellingianstva. Literary - critiques.

VENEDIKTOV Anatoly Vasiljevich (1887-1959), the Russian lawyer, academician AN the USSR (1958). Transactionses on problems of a state property. The state premium of the USSR (1949).

VENEDIKTOV Lion Nikolaevich (r. 1924), the Ukrainian choral conductor, the national actor of the USSR (1979). In 1941-54 chorus master of different bands songs and dancings, with 1954 chorus master, with 1972 main chorus master of the Ukrainian theatre of opera and ballet (Kiev). The professor of the Kiev conservatory (with 1979).

VENUS, in Roman mythology originally the goddess of spring and gardens, afterwards was identified with the Grecian goddess the Aphrodite and honored as the goddess of love and beauty.

VENUS, planet, mean distance from the Sun 0,72 and. e., cycle time 224,7 sut, rotations 243 sut, mean radius of 6050 kms, mass of 4,9.1024 kg. An atmosphere: CO2 (97 %), N2 (ok. 3 %), H2O (0,05 %), impurity CO, SO2, HCl, HF. Temperature for a surface ok. 750 To, pressure ok. 107 Pa, or 100 at. On a surface of Venus mountains, craters, stones are found. Surface breeds of Venus are close on structure to earth sedimentary rocks.

"VENUS", a series of the Soviet interplanetary space vehicles for study of a planet Venus and space; the program of their development and start. A maximum lift-off mass ok. 5 t. The first start in 1961; "Venus - 4" has made the first direct probes of a Venus atmosphere (1967), "Venus - 7" - the first mild planting to Venus (1970). "Venus - 9" - the first filming of a surface of Venus (1975). In 1961-83 16 "Venus" are started.

VENUS MILOSSKAJA, the conventional title of the Grecian mottled statue of the goddess of love of the Aphrodite (it is grey. 2 century up to n. e.). It is retrieved on about. Melos (JUzh. Greece). Now remains deposited in the Louvre.

VENERIN BASHMACHOK, in botanik - a plant of a stem bashmachok.

VENERINA the FLYTRAP, in botany - an entomophagous plant from a stem dioneja.

VENEREAL DISEASES, contagions which are transmitted primarily by a sexual way: a lues, a gonorrhea, a venereal ulcer, an inguinal lymphogranulomatosis, etc. Vnepolovoe infection (through kisses, general ware, a constant wear garment, etc.) is supervised rarely.

VENERN, lake in the south of Sweden. 5,5 thousand êì2, depth up to 100 m, is a lot of islands. From Venerna escapes r. Geta-Elv. Navigation (Venern - a part of the Geta-channel). Primary ports - Karlstad, Mariestad, Venersborg.

VENEROLOGY, the section of clinical medicine investigator the causes (including social), mechanisms of development, a development, methods of diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of venereal diseases.

VENESSEN (Venaissin), historical range in a southeast of France, see. Kont - Venessen.