WALACHIA, historical range in the south of Romania, between Carpathian mountains and Danube; it is divided r. Olt on Munteniju and Olteniju. Since 14 century. Walachia - the feudal principality, since 16 century - under turkish domination. On Adrianopolskomu to the peace treaty 1829 it is actually self-contained (under the protectorate of Russia up to 1856). In 1859-61 it was aggregated from Moldova in the unified state (since January 1862 - the Romanian principality).

VALASHSKOE REVOLT 1821, revolt in Walachia and some areas of Moldova against a press of aboriginal boyars and Greeks - fanariotov, turkish domination. The chief - T.Vladimiresku.

WALBRZYCH (Walbrzych), city on a southwest of Poland, administrative centre Valbzhihskogo voevodstva. 141 thousand inhabitants (1992.) Center Nizhnesilezskogo of a coal-mining district. A machine industry. A mountain museum. Bliz Walbrzych - mountain balneoklimatichesky a health resort - SHCHavno-zdruj.

VALVASOR (Valvasor) Ivan Vajkhard (1641-93), jugoslavjansky the historian, the writer of the istoriko-geographycal compositions, laid foundation historiography of Slovenia.

VALGA, (Valga), city in Estonia, on r. Pedeli (basin an eskar. Vyrtsjarv). A railway junction. 17,9 thousand inhabitants (1991). Manufacture of mixed foods, a meat-packing factory, sewing, furniture factories, etc. The Study of local lore museum. It is known from 13 century. Borders on to. A cutting (Latvia) with which up to 1920 compounded one city - It is shaky.

VALGALLA, see. Valhalla.

VALDAI, city (with 1770) in the Russian Federation, the Novgorod region, on Valdai an eskar. A railway junction. 19,7 thousand inhabitants (1992). Factories: the "Jove", mechanic; a food-processing industry. A study of local lore museum. Iversky a monastery (17 century). It is known about 1495. Center of leisure time activities and tourism.

The VALDAI HIGH GROUND (Valdai), in northwest of the European part of the Russian Federation. A relief hilly; a watershed verhovjev Volga, Zap. Dvina, etc. The Altitude up to 343 m. It is a lot of lakes, including. Seliger, Valdai, etc. Tourism.

VALDEMAR Krishjan (1825-1891), the Latvian public figure, the publicist and the economist. The leader mladolatyshej. The editor - publisher of the newspaper " Peterburgas avizes ".

VALDEMARPILS (up to 1917 official title Sasmakken), city in Latvia, on coast an eskar. Sasmakas, in 27 kms from zh.-d. An item. A bench. 1,6 thousand inhabitants (1991). Mild and a food-processing industry. It is known from 16 century.

VALEK Miroslav (1927-91), the Slovak poet. Collections of civil, filosofsko-intellectual and intimal lyrics "Attraction" (1961), "Disturbing" (1963), " Love in a goosellesh " (1965), " the Forbidden love " (1977), a poetic composition "Word" (1976). Publicism.

VALENSA (Walensa) Leh (r. 1943), Polish state and the public figure. In 1990-96 president of Poland. One of osnovatelej (1980) and the leader profobedinenija "Solidarity" (up to 1991). The Nobel Prize of the world (1983).

GULF OF VALENCIA Mediterranean m., for eastern coast of Spain. Length of 42,5 kms, width of 144,5 kms, depth up to 500 m. A primary port - Valencia.

VALENCIA (Valencia) autonomous region on the orient Spain, for Mediterranean m. of 23,3 thousand êì2. The population 3,8 million person (1992). Adm. ts. - Valencia. Actuates prov. Alicante, Valencia, Kasteljon-de-la-Plana.

VALENCIA, city in a north of Venezuela, an administrative centre pieces. Karabobo. 903 thousand inhabitants (1990). Petrochemical, pulp and paper, textile, a leather and foot-wear industry. University. It is based in 1555.

VALENCIA, city in Spain, an administrative centre of autonomous region prov. Valencia. 753 thousand inhabitants (1991). A port on Mediterranean m. An international airport. A railway junction. A machine industry, a chemical, flavoring, wood-working, textile industry. 2 universities. A museum of fine arts, etc. It is based in 2 century up to n. e. Romans. A cathedral (13 - kon. 14 centuries), reinforced gate Torres de Serranos (13-14 centuries) and Torres de Kuarte (15 century), kolehio del Patriarka (16 century, in an interior painting Muriljo, Surbarana, Ale Greko), palace Aguas (Baroque, 18 century).

VALENT (Valens) (ok. 328-378), emperor of eastern part of Roman empire with 364. The brother and sopravitel Valentiniana I. Has sufferred a defeat from vestgotov in Adrianopolskom battle 378, has perished.

VALENT (Ual) Sevastijsky (mind. ok. 320), one of a magpie sevastijskih martyrs.

VALENTE (Valente) Hose Anhel (r. 1929), the spanish poet. With 1955 lives abroad (the Great Britain, Switzerland). Books of lyrics " something like hope " (1955), " Verses for Lazarus " (1959), " Memory and marks " (1966), "Initial point" (1972). Transfers of the English and italian poets, a literary - critical essay.

VALENTINE (mind. ok. 160), the creator of one of the most influential gnosticheskih religious - philosophical doctrines. It come from Egypt, with 136 in Rome, has died on about. Cyprus. Founded him the sect existed down to 5 century.