ARMOURED PERSONNEL CARRIER, the battle armoured caterpillar or wheel machine for transportation motorized-rifle (motor-infantry) subdividings (up to 20 person) to a battlefield and their firing support. Are to a tower and without it{her}. Arms - machine guns, a pappus, etc. Speed of caterpillar armoured personnel carriers up to 70, wheel up to 110 km/h. For the first time have appeared in the Great Britain in 1918.

BRONZE (frants. bronze), alloys Cu (basis{fundamentals}) with other elements (napr., Sn, Al, Be, Pb, Cd, Cr; accordingly bronzes call tin, aluminium, beryllium, etc.). A broad band of properties and applications.

BRONZINO (Bronzino) Angelo (1503-72), the italian painter. The representative manjerizma. Coldly refined, passionless portraits (" Eleonora Toledskaja with the son ", ok. 1545).

BRONZING, 1) electrolytic or metallizatsionnoe deposition on a surface of a metal goods of a blanket of bronze... 2) Collimating of a surface of items of a bronzy sheen by colour t. n. bronzirovalnymi powders.

BRONZITE, see in an item. Ortopirokseny.

BRONZOV Alexander Aleksandrovich (1858-1919), the Russian orthodox seminary student, the historian of ethics and moral theology, the philologist. The professor of the Petersburg spiritual academy (with 1897). Transactionses - " Aristotel and Thomas Akvinat in attitude{relation} to their doctrine about morals " (1884).

BRONZE DISEASE (Addisonova disease, named describing her{it} in 1849-55 English doctor T.Addisona), the endocrine disease stipulated by failure of function of a bark of suprarenal glands (a tuberculosis, a tumour, etc.). The intensive xanthopathy, asthenia, an exhausting are characteristic.

BRONZOVKI, a subfamily of bugs of a set of leaf-horned beetles. Length 1-10 see. Colour bright, with a metal drip mould. St. 2600 kinds{views}, predominary in tropics and subtropics, including goliaths (Africa), etc. Some bronzovki (napr., olenka) - pests of cultivated plants.

BRONZE AGE, the historical season{term} replaced eneolit and defined by distribution{propagation} of metallurgy of bronze, bronze instruments and weapons in kon. 4 - nach. 1-st thousand up to n. e. (in separate locales later). In a bronze age the nomadic cattle breeding and irrigation agriculture, writing, rabovladenie (the Near East, China, JUzh have appeared. America, etc.). It was replaced by the Iron Age.

BRONZOGRAFIT, the porous sintered material keeping particles of black lead (0,5 - 4 %), bronzes uniform between crystals (ok. 6-10 % Sn); pores bronzografita are filled in with oil{butter}. From bronzografita produce barrels for plain bearers.

BRONZE FROM RIACHE, two bronze statues of exposed soldiers there is more than real size, are raised from starving bliz Riache (JUzh. Italy). Probably, plump in Athenes in it is grey. 5 century up to n. e. Remain deposited in the National archeologic museum Reggio di Calabria.

BRONN (Bronn) Genrih George (1800-62), a german paleontologist, foreign corresponding member Petersburg AN (1859). One of osnovatelej taxonomists of minerals of Invertebrata. The adherent of catastrophism Kjuvje.

BRONNIKOV Dmitry Mihajlovich (r. 1913), the Russian scientist, corresponding member Russian AN (1991; corresponding member AN the USSR with 1979). Transactionses on a underground extraction of ore deposits. The state premium of the USSR (1979).

BRONNITSY, city (with 1781) in the Russian Federation, the Moscow region, in 13 kms from zh.-d. An item. Bronnitsy. Landing stage on r. Moscow. 16,5 thousand inhabitants (1992). A light industry; manufacture of jewels; litejno-mechanic factory. It is known with 1453.

BRONNYJ the ORDER, central official body of the Russian state in 1573 - 1-st floor. 17 century. Knew manufacturing of a military armour (top sections, etc.).

BRONTE (Bronte), the English writers, sisters: 1) Charlotte (psevd. Karrer Bell, Currer Bell) (1816-55) - social - psychologic novels " Dzhen Ejr " (1847), "SHerli" (1849...2) Emili (1818-48) - the novel " the Thunderstorm saddle-point " (1847), proniknutyj romantic attitude... 3) Anna (1820-49) - the autobiographical novel " Agnes the Gray " (1847).

BRONTOSAURS, the same, that apatozavry.

BRONTOTERII, a stem of extinct perissodactyl mammals. Lived in paleogene, in the Sowing. To America and Eurasia. Are similar on rhinoceroses. An altitude up to 2,5 m.

BRONCHUSES (from grech. bronchos - a trachea, a trachea), tubular pneumatic branches trachea. The wall of bronchuses actuates cartilaginous rings or a plate. All bronchuses, branching up to bronchioles, compound{make} the unified bronchial tree conductive air at an inhalation and an expiration. A basic disease of bronchuses - a bronchitis.