VAN SENT (Van Sant) Gas (r. 1952), the American film director. Worked in advertising, is engaged in painting. At kino started with malobjudzhetnyh experimental films to which have paid attention criticism. Films " the Pharmaceutical cowboy " (1979), " Wash personal staff of Idaho " (1991), " Even it happens water - rails sadly " (1994) were recognized on international film festivals. In 1995 has delivered first vysokobjudzhetnyj film " To die for... ".

VAN SJANCHZHI (?-878), one of chiefs in Country war 874-901 in China. In 878 his{its} army it is routed, he has perished.

VAN SJAONUN (1857-1918), the Chinese actor and the playwright. Acted at different theatres of country. The best role - the poet of Lie Bo in the play " Nomadic emperor ". The writer of plays " the Bleeding in a temple of ancestors ", " Prepodnesenie maps ", a drama cycle " Three damnations ", etc. In 1912 participat in-process " Societies on reform of a drama " in Tianjin.

VAN TAO (1828-97), one of ideological precursors of reformatory motion in China (see " Hundred days of reforms "). A translator and the publicist. Transactionses about a political formation of countries of the West. Acted with the program of encouragement of trade and an industry.

VAN TIGEM F. E. Ë., see Tigem F. E. Ë. van.

VAN FLEK (Van Vleck) John Hazbruk (1899-1980), American physics. Transactionses on a quantum theory of magnetism and a solid. The Nobel Prize (1977, together with F.Andersonom and N.Mottom).

With VAN FIND FAULT, drevnekitajsky tsar of the season{term} In-Shang. It was figured keeping birds in both arms{hand}.

VAN HAJZ (Van Hise) CHarlz Richard (1857-1918), the American geologist. The main{basic} transactionses on a Pre-Cambrian of Canadian shield and problems of metamorphism.

VAN CHUN (27 - ok. 104), the Chinese philosopher. The main{basic} composition " Weighing of reasonings " (" Lun hen ") integrates ideas konfutsianstva and daosizma, proniknuto rationalism and criticism of religious prejudices, contains the theory of three phylums of a human nature: kind, malicious, aligning kindly and angrily.

VAN SHU, in the Chinese mythology celestial voznichy, carrying moon.

VAN SHUHE (210-285), the Chinese doctor. In the book " About pulse " (t. 1-10, 280) has stated the doctrine about his{its} diagnostic and prognostic value. Transactionses Van SHuhe has formed the basis{fundamentals} of doctrine Ibn Siny about pulse.

VAN EJK (van Eyck), the Netherlands painters, founders of the Netherlands art of 15 century, brothers: 1) Hubert (ok. 1370-1426), probably, the beginnings " the Ghent altar ". 2) JAn (ok. 1390-1441) which art, founded on submissions about unity and harmony of universe, has innovatively reflected diversiform beauty of the substantial world and the person. In a new fashion having applied technique of painting by oil{butter}, convincingly transmitted illusion gap-filling light of the space, the object world. Religious patterns, portraits (" the Ghent altar ", is ended 1432; a portrait of marital partners Arnolfini, 1434), miniatures.

VAN JANMIN (Van SHouzhen) (1472-1529), the Chinese philosopher - neokonfutsianets, the writer, the statesman. Started with unity of knowledge and action in moral conduct and asserted{approved}, that the knowledge is determined by moral standards, congenitals inherent{intrinsic} in the person. His{its} doctrine was distributed also in Korea and Japan.

VANAG (Vanag) Julias (1903-86), the Latvian writer. Collections of lyrical verses " the Steep ploughing " (1950), " Bitter flowers " (1960), "Poetry" (1973), " Recollect, a youth washing " (1976); plays.

VANADATES of metals, salt vanadic acids, not discharged{secured} in a free state, napr. Vanadate of natrium NaVO3. Vanadates - intermediate products in manufacture of vanadium, components of glasses, glazes, laser materials, crystalline phosphors, etc. reactants in an analytical chemistry. Apply in an analytical chemistry.

VANADATES NATURAL, group of minerals, salt orthovanadic acid H3 (VO4). Ok. 50 minerals. Structures island, chain, layered. Yellow, red, burovato-red powders, scurfs, less often crystals. Hardness 1-4; firmness of 2,5-7 g / sm3. Ore of vanadium, sometimes uranium.

VANADIC ORE, main minerals: vanadinite, dekluazit, kuprodekluazit, karnotit. Deposits magmatic, kontaktovo-metasomaticheskie, hydrothermal. Content V2O5 in ore from 0,1-1,0 up to 29 %; impurity{additives} Fe, Ti, U, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mo, Al, P. Main getting{procuring} foreign countries: the republic of South Africa, the USA, Finland, Chile.

VANADIUM (an armour. Vanadium), V, chemical element V of group of a periodic system, atomic number 23, atomic weight 50,9415. The title on behalf of drevneskandinavskoj goddesses of beauty Vanadis. Grey - steel solid metal. Firmness of 6,11 g / sm3, tïë 1920 °C. It is resistant against action of water and many acids. In earth crust it is absent-minded{dispersed}, often accompanies gland (iron oxides - the important industrial source of vanadium). Alloying constituent of structural steel and the alloys used in air and a space technology, marine shipbuilding, a component of superconducting alloys. Connections of vanadium use in a textile, paint-and-varnish, glass industry.

VANADIUM OXIDE, V2O5, red or yellow - red crystals; tïë 680 °C. Badly solves in water. The catalyst at obtaining sulfuric acid, a component of special glasses, glazes and luminophores.

VANAPRASTHA, in ancient India a wood hermit, the third Ashram in life an aria.